分级与蒸汽消解预处理对钢渣–矿渣复合体系胶凝性的影响

Effect of Classification and Steam Digestion Pretreatment on the Cementitious Properties of Steel Slag–Slag Composite System

摘要

针对不同粒级钢渣中游离氧化钙 (f–CaO) 等不安定因素差异显著的问题，采用筛分分级、机械粉磨与蒸汽消解相结合的预处理方法对不同粒级钢渣进行改性，并将预处理后的钢渣与高炉矿渣复配，制备钢渣–矿渣复合胶凝材料，研究钢渣粒径与蒸汽消解时间对复合体系物相组成及力学性能的影响。结果表明，蒸汽消解可有效促进钢渣中 f–CaO 向 Ca(OH)₂ 和 CaCO₃ 转化，显著改善其物相组成稳定性。复合体系的胶凝性能与钢渣粒径及消解时间密切相关：粒径 0.15~0.30 mm 的钢渣经 1 h 蒸汽消解后，f–CaO 的质量分数降至 1.20%，其复合胶凝材料 28 d 抗压强度达到 28.25 MPa；而粒径小于 0.15 mm 钢渣粉中 f–CaO 的质量分数仅为 0.77%，无需蒸汽消解即可直接使用。基于粒级差异的分级预处理与协同利用策略，可在降低能耗的同时实现钢渣性能优化。研究为钢渣的高值化、规模化利用提供了理论依据与技术思路。

Abstract

In view of the significant differences in unstable factors such as free calcium oxide (f–CaO) in steel slag with different particle sizes, a combined pretreatment method involving sieving classification, mechanical grinding and steam digestion was adopted to modify steel slag of various particle sizes. The pretreated steel slag was then mixed with ground granulated blast furnace slag to prepare a steel slag–slag composite cementitious material. The effects of steel slag particle size and steam digestion time on the phase composition and mechanical properties of the composite system were investigated. The results show that steam digestion is effectively used to promote the conversion of f–CaO in steel slag into Ca(OH)₂ and CaCO₃, by which the phase stability of the steel slag is significantly improved. The cementitious performance of the composite system is found to be closely related to the particle size of the steel slag and the digestion time. After steam digestion for 1 h, the mass fraction of f–CaO in the steel slag with a particle size of 0.15–0.30 mm is reduced to 1.20%, and the 28-day compressive strength of its composite cementitious material is measured as 28.25 MPa. However, for the steel slag powder with a particle size smaller than 0.15 mm, the mass fraction of f–CaO is only 0.72%, so it can be used directly without steam digestion. By means of a classification pretreatment and synergistic utilization strategy based on particle size differences, the performance of steel slag is optimized while energy consumption is reduced. In this study, a theoretical basis and technical ideas are provided for the high-value and large-scale utilization of steel slag.

关键词

钢渣 / 矿渣 / 分级 / 非蒸发水 / 蒸汽消解 / 游离氧化钙 / 胶凝活性 / 复合胶凝材料 / 资源化利用

Key words

steel slag / blast furnace slag / grading / non-evaporable / water steam digestion / f–CaO / cementitious activity / compound cementitious materials / resource reuse

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基金资助

安徽省科技厅重点研发项目(202104a05020031)