Objective The aim of current study was to optimize tissue culture techniques of Sphaeropteris brunoniana, and to shorten the plant breeding cycle and further improve breeding efficiency. Method In this study, the spores of S. brunoniana were used as explants to investigate the effects of different basic media on spore germination, to explore the effects of different plant growth regulators on the induction and proliferation of green globules (GGB ), and to identify the optimal substrate and cultivation method for sporophyte transformation through the partial tissue culture method. Result The optimal substrate for inducing spore germination was 1/10 MS, with a germination rate of 69.55% and visible spore germination within 10 days. Spore germination was inhibited in 1/2 MS medium. The suitable medium for GGB induction was 1/2 MS + NAA 0.2 mg·L-1, with an induction rate of 92.22 %. The optimal medium for GGB proliferation was 1/2 MS + NAA 0.1~0.5 mg·L-1+IBA 0~0.1 mg·L-1, achieving a proliferation coefficient of 6.14 in 60 days. Activated charcoal also favored GGB proliferation, with the best proliferation effect seen in 1/2MS+NAA 0.1 mg·L-1+activated charcoal 1.0 g·L-1, reaching a proliferation coefficient of 7.84 in 60 days. Due to the difficulty of directly obtaining sporophytes during tissue culture, transplanting GGB clusters to ex-vitro substrates successfully induced sporophytes. The optimal substrate was peat∶perlite∶coconut bran at 2∶1∶1, with a conversion rate of 43.33 % after 90 days of transplanting. The Knauss partial tissue culture method proved feasible for the in vitro propagation of S.brunoniana. Using a matrix of peat ∶ perlite at 1∶1, sporophytes were successfully induced within 32 days,with a conversion rate of 86.67%. Conclusion The GGB pathway enabled rapid proliferation of S. brunoniana .The partial tissue culture method effectively improved the conversion rate of young sporophytes and provided technical support for the large-scale production of S. brunoniana seedlings.
YanY H, ZhangX C, MaK P. Pteridophytes in China diversity and distribution[M].Beijing:Science press, 2013:76-147.
[5]
CaoJ G, DaiX L, WangQ X .Ultrastructural and cytochemical studies on oogenesis of the fern Pteridium aquilinum [J].Sexual Plant Reproduction, 2012, 25(2):147-156.
[6]
RankerT A, HauflerC H .Biology and evolution of ferns and lycophytes[M].Cambridge, UK:Cambridge University Press, 2008:107-171, 201-294, 417-448.
ChenG J, ChengX, LiuB D, et al .Gametophyte morphological variations of Sphaeropteris brunoniana (Cyatheaceae) under four culture conditions[J].Acta Botanica Yunnanica, 2008, 30(4):430-432.
WangZ J, ZhangW, CaiF F .Effects of four different media on spore germination and gametophyte development of Sphaeropteris brunoniana [J].Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University (Natural Science), 2016, 31(5):839-843.
[15]
KnaussJ F. A partial tissue culture method for pathogen-free propagation of selected ferns from spores[J]. Proceedings of the Florida State Horticultural Society, 1976, 89:363–365.
[16]
KodymA, LangM, DelprattJ .Propagation by partial tissue culture of Austral Bracken (Pteridium esculentum) for revegetation[J].Ecological Management & Restoration, 2016, 17(2):159-163.
WangY N, WeiY, LiC, et al .Effects of plant growth regulators on tissue culture of Pteris wallichianain [J].Hubei Agricultural Sciences, 2016, 55(8):2117-2119.
LangY T, MaC W, YuJ, et al .Technology for rapid propagation in vitro of two Alsophila species[J].Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2021, 42(6):1579-1588.
WangX Q, ZhangT T, MengZ, et al . In vitro culture of Dryopteris championii (Benth.) C. Chr. from spores[J].Plant Physiology Journal, 2014, 50(2):159-163.
DuJ Z, LiL H, LiY Q, et al .Effects of different factors on the germination and growth of Pyrrosia Lingua spores[J].Guangxi Agricultural Sciences, 2009(2):120-123.
YangJ, YangW C, WuG Y, et al .Optimization of tissue culture and propagation system of Alsophila spinulosa based on PGGB pathway[J].Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica, 2023, 43(9):1488-1498.
[31]
RaghavanV .Cytology, physiology, and biochemistry of germination of fern spores[M].International Review of Cytology.Amsterdam:Elsevier, 1980:69-118.
YeX X, ChenY Q, FangN Y, et al .Spore germination and rapid propagation of Platycerium wallichii Hook[J].Journal of Southern Agriculture, 2020, 51(11):2773-2780.
ZhangG L, ZhuE Y, LiuL T, et al .Optimization of the tissue culture technology system of Dicranopteris pedata [J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Sciences Edition), 2023, 47(2):107-114.
[36]
段杰秋,孙大宽,向建英,等 .巢蕨组培快繁技术研究[J].种子,2021,40(5):84-90.
[37]
DuanJ Q, SunD K, XiangJ Y, et al .Study on tissue culture and rapid propagation technology of Asplenium nidus [J].Seed, 2021, 40(5):84-90.
HuB S, XuD, ZhengJ Y, et al .Partial tissue culture and rapid propagation of Cibotium barometz [J/OL].Molecular Plant Breeding, 2023:1-17.(2023-08-15)[2024-06-25].cnki.net/kcms/detail/46.1068.S.20230815.1339.006.html.
[40]
LoescherW H, AlbrechtC N .Development in vitro of Nephrolepis exaltata cv.bostoniensis runner tissues[J].Physiologia Plantarum,1979,47(4):250-254.
[41]
黄韶玲,张洁莲 .鹿角蕨的组织培养[J].植物生理学通讯,1993(1):46-47.
[42]
HuangS L, ZhangJ L .Tissue culture of Platycerium bifurcatum [J].Plant Physiology Communications,1993(1):46-47.
HuY, WangZ Y, WangY J, et al .Effects of activated carbon granule on rapid propagation of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi.by tissue culture[J].Journal of Beijing University of Agriculture, 2022, 37(3):14-19.