余家湾稻田硒空间分布特征与影响因素
吴格格 , 王莉莉 , 王晓虎 , 张泽洲 , 陈清清 , 宋佳平 , 王张民 , 孙辰璐 , 牛珊珊 , 尹雪斌
山西农业大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (02) : 102 -112.
余家湾稻田硒空间分布特征与影响因素
Spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of selenium in paddy fields in Yujiawan
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目的 探究余家湾万亩水稻基地的土壤-稻米系统中硒(Se)的空间分布特征、稻米中Se形态组成特征及其影响因素,可为余家湾地区富Se稻米的开发及高效利用土壤中Se元素提供研究基础。 方法 采集余家湾万亩水稻基地75组耕地表层土壤样品与对应稻米样品,检测土壤与稻米中Se、钙(Ca)、铁(Fe)、锌(Zn)等12种矿质元素的含量,以探讨Se与土壤中其它矿质元素关系,并通过ArcGIS空间分析、相关性分析等方法探究Se的空间分布特征及其影响因素。 结果 土壤总Se含量为35~350 μg/kg,均值200 μg/kg;土壤有效Se含量为19~44 μg/kg,均值为28 μg/kg。稻米总Se含量为13~96 μg/kg,均值为31 μg/kg;稻米硒代蛋氨酸(SeMet)含量最高,占总Se含量的64%~96%,平均为88%;硒代胱氨酸(SeCys2)占总Se含量的0%~22%,平均为5%;土壤有效Se与稻米中钾(K)、Ca含量均呈显著正相关,相关系数r值分别为0.77和0.72(P<0.01),与稻米硼(B)含量呈正相关,相关系数r值为0.64(P<0.05);稻米中Se含量与土壤Ca含量之间存在显著正相关关系,相关系数r值为0.63(P<0.05),且稻米中SeMet含量与土壤Ca含量存在正相关,相关系数R2 =0.377 7(P<0.05)。 结论 该研究区域整体上处于足Se水平,有效Se占比与恩施地区基本一致,潜在富Se能力强,虽籼稻比粳稻更易富Se,但稻米Se含量总体较低;影响土壤-稻米系统Se的分布主要与人类活动与元素互作等因素有关;Ca为无机Se转化为有机Se供能,以此来增加稻米中有机硒的含量。
Objective By exploring the spatial distribution characteristics of selenium (Se) content in the soil-rice system in Yujiawan 10 000 mu rice base, the morphological composition characteristics of Se in rice and its influencing factors, we hope to provide a research basis for the development of Se-rich rice in Yujiawan area and the efficient utilization of Se elements in soil. Methods The surface soil samples of 75 groups of cultivated land and corresponding rice samples were collected from Yujiawan 10,000 mu rice base, and the contents of 12 mineral elements such as Se, calcium (Ca), iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) in soil and rice were detected to explore the relationship between Se and other mineral elements in the soil, and the spatial distribution characteristics of Se and its influencing factors were explored by ArcGIS spatial analysis and correlation analysis. Results The total Se content in soil ranged from 35 ~ 350 μg/kg, and the average value was 200 μg/kg. The soil available Se content ranged from 19 ~ 44 μg/kg, and the average value was 28 μg/kg. The total Se content of rice ranged from 13~96 μg/kg, with an average value of 31 μg/kg. The content of selenomethionine (SeMet) in rice is the highest, accounting for 64% ~ 96% of total Se content, with an average of 88%; SeCys2 accounts for 0%~22% of the total Se content, with an average of 5%. There was a significant positive correlation between soil available Se and the contents of potassium (K) and Ca in rice, and the correlation coefficients were 0.77 and 0.72 (P<0.01), respectively, which were positively correlated with the boron (B) content of rice, and the correlation coefficient r=0.64 (P<0.05), and there was a significant positive correlation between Se content and soil Ca content in rice, with a correlation coefficient r=0.63 (P<0.05), and the content of SeMet in rice was positively correlated with soil Ca content, and the correlation coefficient R2=0.377 7(P<0.05). Conclusion The study area was generally at the level of sufficient Se, and the proportion of available Se was basically the same as that in Enshi area, and the potential Se enrichment capacity was strong, although indica rice was more easier to enrich Se than japonica rice, but the Se content of rice was generally low. The distribution of Se in soil-rice system was mainly related to human activities and elemental interactions. Ca is used to convert inorganic Se into organic Se for energy, thereby increasing the content of organic Se in rice.
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