Objective To improve land use efficiency, this study examined changes in land use structure and the driving forces behind them to support the rational allocation and utilization of land resources in Lvliang City. Methods We selected Lvliang City as the research area, using Landsat8 remote sensing imagery and land use indicators such as information entropy (H), equilibrium degree (J), dominance degree (I), and dynamic degree (K), along with a land use type transformation matrix, to analyze structural changes from 2000 to 2018. Results The results showed that (1) From 2000 to 2018, agricultural land types such as cultivated land, forest land, and grassland remained the predominant land use categories in Lvliang City. The areas of other land types were relatively small, but the cultivated and forest land areas gradually decreased, while the construction and unused land areas increased, with the largest increase in the of construction land area.(2) Both H and J displayed a trend of 'rapid growth followed by stable growth', while I continued to decrease, indicating notable shifts in land use structure and a trend toward greater balance over the study period in Lvliang City. (3) Over the past 20 years, significant areas of agricultural land-487.06 km2 of cultivated land and 413.98 km2 of forest transitioned to other land types, with construction land as the main conversion type; Additionally, 0.23 km2 of agricultural land transitioned to unused land; (4) Population growth, economic development, urban planning, and urbanization were major drivers impacting land use adjustment in Lvliang City. Conclusion It is essential to enhance land reclamation efforts, including reforestation and grassland restoration initiatives. Increased investments in agriculture and forestry (including human, material, and financial resources)are also needed to expand cultivated and forest land areas.
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