切花菊F1代茎秆强度相关性状的遗传分析
Inheritance analysis of stem strength related traits in F1 generation of cut chrysanthemum
目的 菊花为世界四大切花之一,其茎秆强度对植株生长发育、切花采收分级评价、瓶插寿命等有重要影响,但有关菊花茎秆强度相关性状的遗传特性和规律仍不清晰。研究切花菊茎秆强度相关性状的遗传与变异特性,可为切花菊茎秆性状遗传特性研究和新品种选育提供理论基础。 方法 对切花菊品种‘神马’与‘深志’杂交F1代群体152个植株的茎秆强度、纤维素含量、木质素含量、硅元素含量、钾元素含量共5个茎秆性状和7个主要农艺性状进行测定和分析。 结果 切花菊杂交F1代群体5个茎秆强度相关性状的变异系数差异较大,其中茎秆强度变异系数最大(46.18%),木质素变异系数最小(7.08%);纤维素含量的标准差最大(38.78 mg/g),而硅元素含量的标准差最小(0.04)。遗传分析表明,纤维素、木质素、硅元素含量呈一定的减小趋势,而茎秆强度、钾元素含量呈一定的增大趋势,高于高亲的占比最高的是茎秆强度(45.39%),而纤维素含量小于低亲的比例最高(76.97%)。相关性分析表明,钾元素与木质素含量呈显著正相关(0.195),而与纤维素含量呈显著负相关(-0.166)。茎秆强度与叶片干重呈显著正相关(0.177),钾元素与叶柄长度呈显著正相关(0.176),而木质素与株高呈显著负相关(-0.190)。通过主成分分析提取到3个主成分,累积贡献率可达68.23%。 结论 切花菊茎秆强度相关性状存在丰富的遗传多样性,不同性状之间存在显著的相关性,其中茎秆强度变异系数最大,遗传上呈一定的增大趋势,子代大于高亲的占比最高。
Objective Chrysanthemum is one of the world’s four major cut flowers. Its stem strength significantly impacts plant growth and development,the grading evaluation during harvest, and vase life. However, research on the genetic characteristics and patterns of stem strength related traits in chrysanthemum remains unclear. Studying the inheritance and variation of stem strength related traits in cut chrysanthemums can provide a theoretical basis for research on the genetic characteristics of stem traits and the breeding of new varieties. Method Five stem traits (stem strength, cellulose content, lignin content, silicon content,and potassium content) and seven main agronomic traits were measured and analyzed in an F1 progeny population of 152 plants from a cross between the cut chrysanthemum cultivars 'Jinba' and 'Fucashi'. Result The coefficients of variation for the five stem strength related traits in the F1 progeny population varied considerably. The stem strength had the largest coefficient of variation(46.18%),while lignin content had the smallest (7.08%). Cellulose content had the largest standard deviation (38.78), whereas silicon content had the smallest (0.04). Genetic analysis indicated that cellulose, lignin, and silicon contents showed a certain decreasing trend, while stem strength and potassium content showed a certain increasing trend. The trait with the highest proportion of progeny exceeding the high parent value was stem strength (45.39%), while cellulose content had the highest proportion of progeny lower than the low parent value(76.97%). Correlation analysis showed that potassium content was significantly positively correlated with lignin content (0.195) and significantly negatively correlated with cellulose content (-0.166). Stem strength was significantly positively correlated with leaf dry weight (0.177), potassium content was significantly positively correlated with petiole length (0.176), while lignin content was significantly negatively correlated with plant height (-0.190). Three principal components were extracted through principal component analysis, with a cumulative contribution rate reaching 68.23%. Conclusion There is abundant genetic diversity in stem strength-related traits of cut chrysanthemum, with significant correlations among different traits. Among them, stem strength has the largest coefficient of variation, showing a certain increasing trend genetically, and has the highest proportion of progeny exceeding the high parent value.
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国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(32102426)
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