1.College of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei, China
2.Engineering Research Center of Eco-Environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei, China
3.College of Computer and Information Technology, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei, China
Biochar samples (labeled as PPBC350, PPBC450, PPBC550, and PPBC650) were prepared by pyrolysis of waste pomelo peel under nitrogen atmosphere at different temperatures (350, 450, 550 and 650 ℃), and their adsorption performances were studied using Pb2+ ion as the model for heavy-metal pollutants. The microstructure and chemical composition of the as-prepared biochar samples before and after adsorption of Pb2+ ion were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR). The results show that the adsorption mechanism of Pb2+ ion by PPBC350 includes ion exchange and complexation, while ion exchange, complexation and precipitation are involved in adsorption of Pb2+ ion by PPBC450 or PPBC550, and the main adsorption mechanism of Pb2+ ion by PPBC650 is precipitation. Isothermal adsorption and adsorption kinetics experiments using PPBC350 as adsorbent for Pb2+ ion adsorption indicate that the adsorption process conforms to Langmuir model and pseudo-second-order kinetic model, in which the adsorption reaction takes place primarily on the surface of the biochar and can be mainly attributed to chemical adsorption. By analyzing the experimental results, it can be found that PPBC350 has the optimal adsorption efficiency on Pb2+ ion, and it is suitable to be used as the adsorbent of heavy metal Pb2+ ion.
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