Photocatalytic technique has been considered as a promising method to remove the low concentration of harmful nitrogen oxide (NO x ). However, there are still some challenges needed to be tackled, such as poor adsorption and activation of gas molecules, low utilization efficiency of light energy and high recombination rate of photoinduced charge carriers in the gas-solid phase photocatalytic system. The active sites engineering of catalysts is an effective strategy to settle down these obstacles to achieve superior catalytic activity. This report firstly presents the reaction mechanism of photocatalytic NO x removal. Then the most recent advances on the active sites engineering of catalysts including metal, Lewis, defect and doping sites are reviewed. Finally, a brief summary and perspective in this field is discussed. This review will inspire the researchers to develop highly efficient photocatalysts with the rational design of active sites.
随着科学技术的进步和工业化程度的提高,空气污染成为人类健康的巨大威胁[1,2]。作为危害最大、最常见的气态污染物之一,一氧化氮(NO)是引发光化学烟雾、雾霾、酸雨等各种环境问题的主要空气污染物[3]。目前,室外空气中高浓度氮氧化物(NO x )的控制与治理主要使用选择性催化还原和三元催化转化器等技术。然而,这些方法不适用于去除开放的城市环境中ppb(part per billion)水平上的氮氧化物[4]。而且,在选择性催化还原过程中往往需要加入典型的还原剂,如NH3或碳氢化合物,使得催化过程在实际情况下难以操作或存在一定的危险性[5,6]。
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