The electronic and optical properties of two dimensional As-SnS2 vertically stacked heterostructures were investigated in the frame of first-principle calculations based on density functional theory. Results show that AA stacking As-SnS2 heterostructures are semiconductors with an indirect band gap of 0.361 eV, meanwhile AB stacking As-SnS2 heterostructures are semiconductor with a direct band gap of 0.323 eV. Interestingly, both AA and AB stacking As-SnS2 heterostructures exhibit type-Ⅱ band alignments, which are beneficial to separate the photo-generated electron-hole pairs and increase the use of light energy. In addition, both the increasing tensile and compressive strains are able to decrease the band gap of AA and AB stacking As-SnS2 heterostructures. In the AA and AB stacking As-SnS2 heterostructures, the As layer exhibits a p-type doped semiconductor meanwhile the SnS2 layer has an n-type doped semiconductor. In the AA (AB) stacking As-SnS2 heterostructures, the charge transfer from As layer to SnS2 layer is 0.018 e (0.023 e), therefore, built-in electric fields are formed in interfaces of As-SnS2 heterostructures to accelerate the separation of photo-generated carries. Furthermore, the absorption coefficients of AA and AB stacking As-SnS2 heterostructures are high enough in visible (VIS) and ultraviolet (UV) light and As-SnS2 heterostructures are promising candidates for UV-VIS photoelectronic devices.
二维材料因具有独特的光电性能而受到广泛关注[1~9]。二维过渡金属二硫化物(transition metal dichalcogenides,TMDs)的出现突破了二维材料在纳米器件中应用的局限性[2]。改变层数,施加电场、应变[3]可有效调控TMDs的电子结构,拓宽其在高性能纳米电子器件中的应用。二维单层SnS2具有层状结构,层间相互作用属于范德华力(van der Waals),是纳米电子器件领域用途较为广泛的一种半导体材料[5]。单层SnS2是一种较宽带隙的半导体,具有较高的光转换效率,在可见光范围可以分解水[6]。然而,本征二维单层SnS2的高载流子复合率阻碍了其在光催化分解水领域的应用[7]。通过掺杂[8]和堆叠异质结[9]可调控单层SnS2的电子结构和光学性质,使其应用更加广泛。异质结能够集不同材料优异性能于一体,具有独特的物理性质和优异的性能[10],可广泛用于超薄光电探测器[11]、太阳能电池[12]、存储器件[13]、柔性传感器[14]和光催化器件[15]等领域。构成异质结的二维半导体材料的带隙不同,异质结界面处导带底和价带顶会出现不连续台阶,形成type-Ⅰ、type-Ⅱ、type-Ⅲ能带排列[16]。其中,Ⅱ型异质结中的光生电子-空穴对分布在不同原子层,能够有效阻止载流子复合,显著提高光能利用率,在光电和光催化领域有很好的应用潜力[17]。因此,SnS2基的Ⅱ型异质结(如PtS2-SnS2异质结[18])的研究引起广泛关注。
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