In the “cloud-edge-end” new architecture of the Internet of Things (IoT), the challenges of data protection are highlighted. Blockchain technology is regarded as a potential candidate, which realizes the multi-party consensus and privacy protection of data on the open network. However, its high-loss disordered competition mode and low-efficiency trustless mechanism make it impossible to apply in the resource-constrained environment of the IoT. This paper proposes an evolutionary multi-stage game optimization model, which avoids vicious competition through the intelligent perception and sorting, accumulates credibility through asynchronous verification, and positively motivates the preferred nodes. In particular, based on the end-edge-cloud collaborative optimization, the model realizes the data block recycling to reduce the workload of verification. Based on the utility function, it designs a multi-role intelligent collaboration to make the best use of the things. Finally, simulations and a IoT blockchain testbed are built. The experimental results show that the lightweight consensus and verification processing improves efficiency and adaptability.
在物联网(Internet of Things, IoT)环境中,利用第五代移动通信网络(5G)的高带宽、低延迟特点,可实现点对点高速通信、分片划分虚拟子网、组织异构节点协同服务[1]。但是,云平台的封闭性[2]和物联网异构节点的脆弱性[3],导致各个层级和分片中的数据安全防护问题严重。数据权益在网络空间中需要确权保护,并能主动防御伪造、窃取、破坏等非法行为。面向这些权益类数据去中心化管理的需求,区块链技术采用尽可能复制给每个节点的策略[4],提供开放的分布式存储网络服务[5],形成价值激励和流转[6]以及自组织容错等能力[7],实现开放环境的数据防侵权、防篡改、防擦除等保护机制。
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