Research on the evolution of ecosystem health in karst basins can clarify important factors affecting ecological health and provide environmental management recommendations for sustainable development. Based on remote sensing, landscape theory, vigor-organization-resilience-services (VORS) framework and the characteristics of rocky desertification, we constructed a karst ecosystem health evaluation index system was constructed in this study, and we use it to couple with the TOPSIS to evaluate the health levels of vigor(v), organization(o), resilience(r), services(s) and ecosystem health index (EHI) from 1990 to 2020 in Hongfeng Lake, a typical karst watershed, and combined with the Theil-Sen Median method and the Mann-Kendall test to clarify the trend distribution characteristics of each index. The results show that: ① The ecosystem dimensions of Hongfeng Lake basin are at a good level during 1990-2020. There is no significant change in ecosystem vigor, while ecosystem organization and resilience show a slight improvement trend, and ecosystem services exhibit polarization. ② Ecological health grades show a bipolar evolution. The improvement areas include the northern forest belt, southern mountains, and central karst hills; the deterioration areas are centered on rapidly expanding urban areas and intensive agricultural zones, extending outward. ③ The influencing factors of different ecosystem dimensions vary. Land use is the dominant factor affecting ecosystem health. In karst areas, the combined effect of rainfall and slope on ecosystem health is synergistic, where “1+1>2”.
因此,本研究以典型的喀斯特流域——红枫湖流域为研究区域,采用活力-组织-弹性-服务(VORS)生态系统健康评价框架,根据岩石裸露程度(石漠化程度)对生态环境影响,优化弹性维度指标,耦合TOPSIS(Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution)方法评价研究区的生态系统健康,从数量统计和空间分布分析喀斯特流域生态系统健康演变特征,采用Theil-Sen Median斜率估计和Mann-Kendall检验,明晰1990―2020年的生态系统健康空间变化的趋势,结合历史气象灾害、已实施的生态措施、城镇化过程和产业调整,分析趋势变化的因素,揭示影响生态健康各维度的主导因子。
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