1.Yichang Three Gorges Reservoir Region Eco-Environment Monitoring Station,Yichang 443005,Hubei,China
2.Engineering Research Center of Eco-Environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region,Ministry of Education,China Three Gorges Univsrsity,Yichang 443002,Hubei,China
3.Yichang Three Gorges Dalaoling Nature Reserve Administration,Yichang 443000,Hubei,China
4.Yichang Eco-Environment Monitoring Center,Department of Ecology and Environment of Hubei Province,Yichang 443005,Hubei,China
In order to reveal the distribution and characteristics of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) along typical tributaries of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, evaluate the environmental impact and health risks of VOCs, 8 sites were set up along the Xiangxi River in 2021 (March, June, September, and December), the samples of air, water, soil (altitude 175-190 m), and sediment(altitude below 145 m) were collected, 59 VOCs were determined, the ·OH loss rate(R) and ozone formation potential(OFP) were calculated, and the hazard index (HI) and lifetime carcinogenic risk (LCR) of VOCs were evaluated. The results showed that VOCs were not detected in all samples of water and sediment, VOCs of most soil samples was not detected in summer and autumn, 1,2,3-trichlorobenzene (0.35-0.41 μg/kg) and 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene(0.39-0.52 μg/kg) of all soil samples were detected in spring, 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene(0.34-0.42 μg/kg) was detected in winter, the spatial distribution of 1,2,3-trichlorobenzene and 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene were upstream, downstream, tributaries, and midstream from large to small. The average concentration of atmospheric VOCs was (14.69±9.1) μg/m3, with aromatic hydrocarbons (56.3%), oxygenated volatile organic compounds (25.2%), halogenated hydrocarbons (18.5%); from large to small, the seasonal variation was spring, autumn, summer, and winter, the spatial variation were upstream, midstream, downstream, tributaries. most of the top 7 substances about the contribution rankings of R and OFP were aromatic hydrocarbons at different sites and four seasons. The HI was less than 1 at every site, and the range of LCR was from 5.2×10-6 to 9.6×10-6. The research has shown that there was no contribution to atmospheric VOCs pollution in water and sediments, while pesticide residues such as 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene of soil contributed to atmospheric VOCs pollution, aromatic hydrocarbons were the main active components for contribution species of R and OFP. The HIs were all at an acceptable safety level, the LCRs were all in grade Ⅱ of low probability. The study can provide theoretical reference for controlling VOCs emissions and reducing their environmental impact and health risks along the Xiangxi River.
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