成年女性外阴色素减退性患者病耻感临床研究
Status quo of stigma and its influencing factors in patients with vulvar hypochromasia
目的 调查成年女性外阴色素减退性患者的病耻感现状及其影响因素。 方法 选取北京妇产医院2019年9月—2023年10月妇科门诊成年外阴色素减退性患者作为研究对象,采用一般资料调查问卷、视觉模拟评分法(VAS)、社会影响量表(SIS)、家庭亲密度及适应性量表(FACESⅡ‑CV),对125例外阴色素减退性患者病耻感现状调查并分析影响因素。 结果 120名患者病耻感得分(12.69±4.31)分。四个维度中,内在羞耻均分最高、为(2.51±0.82)分,其次为经济歧视、(2.16±0.68)分,社会排斥和社会隔离分别为(2.10±0.71)分和(1.88±0.67)分;Pearson相关分析得出家庭亲密度、适应性与四个维度呈负相关(P<0.05);多因素回归分析结果显示月收入、VAS得分、亲密度是影响外阴色素减退性患者病耻感的主要影响因素(P<0.05)。 结论 目前该疾病病耻感处于中低水平,其程度与疾病本身、家庭的亲密度与适应性、患者对疾病的认知等因素有关。
Objective To investigate the status of stigma and its influencing factors in patients with hypochromatic vulva. Methods Using clinical and survey data from Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital between September 2019 and October 2023, we investigated the level of stigma among 125 patients using the visual analogue scale (VAS), social impact scale (SIS), and Chinese version of family cohesion and adaptability scale (FACES Ⅱ-CV). Results The mean stigma score of the 120 patients was 12.69±4.31. Among the four dimensions, intrinsic shame had the highest score (2.51±0.82), followed by economic discrimination (2.16±0.68), social exclusion (2.10±0.71), and social isolation (1.88±0.67). Pearson correlation analysis showed that family intimacy and adaptability were negatively correlated with all four dimensions (P<0.05). Multivariate regression analysis indicated that monthly income, VAS score, and intimacy were the main factors influencing stigma in patients with vulvar hypochromasia (P<0.05). Conclusion At present, the stigma surrounding this disease is at a low-to-moderate level, and its severity is related to factors such as disease characteristics, family intimacy and adaptability, and patients' understanding of the condition.
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国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(81801406)
首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院/北京妇幼保健院青年基金专项课题(FCYYQN‑201906)
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