脓毒性心肌病中miRNA的调控机制及研究进展

Regulatory mechanisms of miRNA in septic cardiomyopathy and research progress

摘要

脓毒性心肌病（SCM）是由脓毒症诱发的急性心脏功能障碍综合征，以心室收缩/舒张功能受损和高死亡率为特征。其病理机制涉及线粒体功能障碍、炎症反应等多重通路。非编码RNA（尤其是miRNA）通过调控NF⁃κB、MAPK等信号通路，在炎症、自噬及线粒体动力学中发挥核心作用。此外，circRNA和lncRNA可通过“miRNA海绵”机制调控下游基因，加剧或缓解SCM进展。近年来许多研究揭示了非编码RNA在SCM中的关键角色，但其在NO代谢和自主神经失调中的调控机制研究较少。本文就SCM的分子机制及非编码RNA的调控网络进行综述，以期为开发新型诊断标志物和靶向治疗策略提供理论依据及临床转化思路。

Abstract

Septic cardiomyopathy (SCM) is an acute cardiac dysfunction syndrome induced by sepsis, characterized by impaired ventricular systolic and diastolic function and high mortality. Its pathological mechanisms involve multiple pathways, including mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammatory responses. Non⁃coding RNAs, particularly miRNAs, play central roles in inflammation, autophagy, and mitochondrial dynamics by regulating signaling pathways such as NF⁃κB and MAPK. Additionally, circRNAs and lncRNAs can modulate downstream genes via the "miRNA⁃sponge" mechanism, thereby exacerbating or alleviating SCM progression. In recent years, numerous studies have revealed the critical roles of non⁃coding RNAs in SCM, but studies exploring their regulatory roles in NO metabolism and in autonomic nervous system dysfunction remain scarce. This article reviews the molecular mechanisms of SCM and the regulatory networks of non⁃coding RNAs, aiming to provide a theoretical basis and clinical translation insights for the development of novel diagnostic biomarkers and targeted therapeutic strategies.

关键词

脓毒性心肌病 / miRNA / 非编码RNA

Key words

Septic Cardiomyopathy / miRNA / Noncoding RNA

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基金资助

国家自然科学基金资助项目(8227080301)