基于R语言构建阴道分娩产后出血预测模型
罗丽娇 , 黄粲然 , 瞿鑫兰 , 张小琴 , 欧阳艳琼
武汉大学学报(医学版) ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (3) : 362 -368.
基于R语言构建阴道分娩产后出血预测模型
Construction of a predictive model for postpartum hemorrhage in vaginal delivery based on R language
目的 探究阴道分娩产后出血的高危因素,构建并验证风险预测模型。 方法 采用病例对照方法前瞻性地收集了2022年9月—2024年9月期间经阴道分娩的产妇1 185例,将病例根据7∶3随机分组训练集及测试集,训练集又根据是否产后出血,分为病例组(n=226)和对照组(n=603),对两组产妇进行单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析,筛选出阴道分娩产后出血的高危因素,基于筛选出的危险因素利用R语言构建列线图风险预测模型,并进行模型验证和一致性检验。 结果 多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,阴道分娩产后出血高危因素包括既往阴道分娩出血史、贫血、球囊引产、产钳助产、胎盘因素、宫颈裂伤、D‑二聚体升高、第二产程时长增加、第三产程时长增加及新生儿体质量增加(P<0.05)。根据影响因素建立预测阴道分娩产妇产后出血发生概率的列线图,训练集和验证集预测模型C‑index分别为0.73和0.70,列线图预测模型校准曲线与理想曲线拟合较好,Hosmer‑Lemeshow拟合优度检验显示χ2值为6.67(P=0.57)。 结论 根据高危因素构建的列线图预测模型有一定的准确性,对于预防产后出血有一定警示作用,可以使产后出血预警风险前移。
Objective To investigate the risk factors for postpartum hemorrhage in vaginal delivery, and to construct and validate a risk prediction model. Methods A total of 1 185 cases of vaginal delivery were prospectively collected from September 2022 to September 2024 by the case‑control method. The cases were randomly grouped into the training set and test set according to a 7∶3 ratio. The training set was further divided into a case group (n=226) and a control group (n=603) according to whether they suffered postpartum hemorrhage or not, and the two groups of mothers were analyzed by one‑way and multifactor Logistic regression analysis. Logistic regression analysis was performed to screen out the risk factors for postpartum hemorrhage in vaginal delivery, and a column‑line graph risk prediction model was constructed based on the screened risk factors using R language, and model validation and consistency test were performed. Results The results of multifactorial Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors for postpartum hemorrhage in vaginal delivery included history of previous vaginal delivery bleeding, anemia, balloon induction, forceps delivery, placental factors, cervical laceration, elevated D‑dimer, increased duration of the second stage of labor, increased duration of the third stage of labor, and increased newborn body weight (P<0.05). A column‑line diagram was constructed to predict the probability of postpartum hemorrhage in vaginally delivered mothers based on the influencing factors, and the C‑index of the prediction model for the training set and validation set were 0.73 and 0.70, respectively; the calibration curve of the prediction model for the column‑line diagram fitted well with the ideal curve, and the Hosmer‑Lemeshow goodness‑of‑fit test showed that the χ2 value was 6.67 (P=0.57). Conclusion The column‑line diagram prediction model constructed according to the high‑risk factors has a certain accuracy, and it has a warning effect for the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage, which can make the early warning risk of postpartum hemorrhage forward.
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武汉大学中南医院临床护理研究项目(LCHLYJ202227)
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