2024年11月—2025年3月武汉市某三甲医院成人发热门诊流感病毒监测报告
李燕 , 杨雁玲 , 王瑶 , 施金枝 , 郑雅静 , 刘婷婷 , 陈晓蓓
武汉大学学报(医学版) ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (6) : 781 -785.
2024年11月—2025年3月武汉市某三甲医院成人发热门诊流感病毒监测报告
Surveillance of influenza virus infection in the adult fever clinic of a tertiary hospital in Wuhan from November 2024 to March 2025
目的 分析新型冠状病毒感染后疫情时代甲、乙型流感病毒(FluA、FluB)感染特征,为流感病毒防控提供参考。 方法 收集2024年11月—2025年3月武汉大学人民医院成人发热门诊FluA、FluB抗原阳性病例,分析患者性别、年龄、首发症状、血常规、病毒感染类型情况。 结果 共收集流感病毒抗原阳性病例883例,以FluA流行为主(97.5%,861/883),12月至次年1月阳性病例最多(88.0%,779/883),主要感染14~44岁人群(80.07%,707/883)。90%以上病例首发症状有发热、咳嗽表现,存在极少部分病例无发热症状(0.02%,14/883)。流感病例中90.6%(800/883)能在症状出现后48 h内就医,3.2%就诊时已超72 h,其中青年较中老年病例就医更及时(P<0.05)。血常规主要表现为白细胞计数不高或降低(90.8%,802/883),淋巴细胞计数减少(70.3%,621/883)和单核细胞增多(59.7%,527/883)。不同类型的流感病毒在不同性别、年龄段人群间感染率无差异(P>0.05)。 结论 2024年11月—2025年3月武汉地区流感病毒出现规模流行,FluA为优势毒株,FluB保持在较低水平,FluA与FluB混合感染病例呈散发状态。应加大力度宣传流感相关知识,加强流感疫苗接种的动员工作,促使中老年流感样病例尽早就医,从而降低流感罹患率及严重并发症风险。
Objective To investigate the characteristics of influenza A virus (FluA) and influenza B virus (FluB) infections in the post‐COVID‐19 era and provide a reference for the prevention and control of influenza virus infections. Methods Cases positive for FluA and FluB antigens from the adult fever clinic of Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University between November 2024 to March 2025 were collected. Data on gender, age, initial symptoms, complete blood count, and virus types were analyzed. Results A total of 883 influenza virus antigen‐positive cases were collected, with FluA being the predominant strain (97.5%, 861/883). The peak positivity occurred from December to January (88.0%, 779/883), and the majority of infected individuals were in the 14‐44 age group (80.07%, 707/883). More than 90% of cases presented with fever and cough as initial symptoms, while a very small proportion were afebrile (0.02%, 14/883). Among the cases, 90.6% (800/883) sought medical care within 48 hours of symptom onset, and 3.2% delayed seeking care beyond 72 hours. Younger patients sought medical attention more promptly than middle‐aged and elderly patients (P<0.05). Hematological findings primarily included low or decreased white blood cell count (90.8%, 802/883), decreased lymphocyte count (70.3%, 621/883), and increased monocyte count (59.7%, 527/883). There were no significant differences in influenza virus infection rates across different genders and age groups (P>0.05). Conclusion From November 2024 to March 2025, a large-scale influenza outbreak occurred in the Wuhan area, with FluA as the dominant strain, while FluB remained at a low level. Co-infections of FluA and FluB were sporadic. Efforts should be intensified to promote awareness of influenza-related knowledge and enhance mobilization for influenza vaccination, encouraging middle-aged and elderly individuals with influenza-like symptoms to seek medical attention promptly, thereby reducing the incidence of influenza and the risk of severe complications.
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