组蛋白甲基化在脓毒症中作用的研究进展

Research advances on the role of histone methylation in sepsis

摘要

脓毒症是由感染引起的免疫反应失调和多器官功能障碍，是重症医学科常见的一种危及生命的疾病。其主要由入侵病原体引发的免疫反应未能恢复稳态，从而最终形成以持续过度炎症和免疫抑制为特征的病理综合征。近年来，随着表观遗传学研究的不断深入，组蛋白甲基化作为重要的组蛋白修饰方式，在脓毒症中的作用机制受到广泛关注。研究证实，在脓毒症中组蛋白甲基化的改变可以调节机体免疫状态，参与调节脓毒症相关器官的功能。基于此，本文系统地梳理了参与脓毒症调控的关键组蛋白甲基化机制，总结了不同组蛋白甲基化修饰在脓毒症中的作用，并进一步探讨以组蛋白甲基化为靶点的干预策略在脓毒症治疗中的潜在应用价值，为脓毒症的治疗提供新的理论依据。

Abstract

Sepsis is a life⁃threatening condition commonly seen in intensive care units, characterized by immune dysregulation and multiple organ dysfunction triggered by infection. In sepsis, an immune response initiated by an invading pathogen fails to return to homeostasis, thereby culminating in a pathological syndrome characterized by sustained excessive inflammation and immune suppression. In recent years, with advances in epigenetic research, histone methylation, as a critical histone modification, has garnered significant attention for its role in sepsis. Studies have confirmed that alterations in histone methylation during sepsis can modulate the immune status and participate in regulating sepsis⁃related organ functions. Therefore, this paper systematically reviews the key histone methylation regulatory mechanisms involved in sepsis, summarizes the roles of specific histone methylation modifications, and further explores the therapeutic potential of targeting histone methylation in sepsis treatment, to provide new theoretical insights for sepsis management.

关键词

脓毒症 / 组蛋白甲基化 / 脂多糖

Key words

Sepsis / Histone Methylation / Lipopolysaccharide

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基金资助

新发突发与重大传染病防控国家科技重大专项(2025ZD01902600)