基于四面体DNA纳米结构的脓毒症治疗研究进展

Research advances in tetrahedral DNA nanostructures for sepsis treatment

摘要

脓毒症是一种由感染引发的全身性炎症反应，可导致器官功能障碍，严重时可危及生命。四面体DNA纳米结构（TDNs）凭借高稳定性、优异生物相容性及可编程功能化能力，为脓毒症治疗提供了创新策略。本综述系统探讨了TDNs的双重作用：一方面作为高效载体，实现抗炎药物、核酸类药物及抗生素的靶向递送，显著提升药物生物利用度并克服耐药性；另一方面通过自身机制抑制细胞焦亡、调节免疫细胞及清除活性氧，直接缓解过度炎症反应。未来研究需优化TDNs的体内稳定性与安全性，并开发多功能智能响应平台推动其临床转化，为脓毒症的精准治疗开辟新路径。

Abstract

Sepsis, a systemic inflammatory response triggered by infection, can cause organ dysfunction and may become life⁃threatening in severe cases. Tetrahedral DNA nanostructures (TDNs) offer innovative therapeutic strategies for sepsis due to their high stability, excellent biocompatibility, and programmable functionalization. This review systematically examines the dual roles of TDNs: not only do they serve as efficient carriers for targeted delivery of anti⁃inflammatory drugs, nucleic acid therapeutics and antibiotics, thereby significantly enhancing bioavailability and overcoming drug resistance. They also directly mitigate excessive inflammation by suppressing pyroptosis, regulating immune cells, and scavenging reactive oxygen species. Future studies should focus on optimizing the in vivo stability and safety of TDNs while developing multifunctional smart⁃responsive platforms to accelerate clinical translation, thereby paving the way for precision sepsis treatment.

关键词

四面体DNA纳米结构 / 脓毒症 / 靶向递送

Key words

Tetrahedral DNA Nanostructures / Sepsis / Targeted Drug Delivery

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基金资助

新发突发与重大传染病防控国家科技重大专项(2025ZD01902600)

国家自然科学基金面上项目(82572461)

国家自然科学基金面上项目(82272226)

国家自然科学基金青年项目(82502662)