火灾下轴心受压约束钢构件临界温度实用计算方法
朱劭骏 , 张婷娜 , 宋林昕 , 李晋宇 , 李国强 , 蒋首超 , 楼国彪
建筑钢结构进展 ›› 2025, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (08) : 81 -91.
火灾下轴心受压约束钢构件临界温度实用计算方法
Practical Approach for Determining Critical Temperatures of Constrained Steel Members under Axial Compression and Fire Conditions
火灾下轴心受压约束钢构件的力学响应复杂,所产生的温度内力导致其耐火极限的确定与计算难度大。为简化结构构件在高温承载极限状态时约束钢构件的防火设计,采用有限元数值模拟方法开展了大量参数分析,以确定火灾高温下轴心受压约束钢构件的承载与失效规律。基于经试验验证的可靠有限元模型,研究了不同长细比、轴向约束刚度比和初始荷载比等参数对轴心受压约束钢构件火灾响应的影响。结果表明,上述参数均将显著影响约束钢构件的火灾响应,且当长细比较大、轴向约束刚度比较小、初始荷载比较大时,屈曲导致的卸载可使杆件内轴力小于其常温下初始轴力;尽管该情况下杆件的临界温度应取为屈曲温度,但该温度仍大于同一长细比下轴向完全约束的受压钢构件对应于特定初始荷载比的临界温度。在此基础上,采用最小二乘法拟合了火灾下轴心受压约束钢构件临界温度与对应的完全约束受压钢构件和无约束受压钢构件临界温度的关系式,并通过与现有规范和数值算例的结果对比验证了本文提出的轴心受压约束钢构件临界温度计算方法的有效性,为轴心受压约束钢构件的防火设计提供了一种实用方法。
The mechanical response of constrained steel members under fire and axial compression is complex, and the thermal internal forces make it difficult to determine and calculate their load-bearing failure. To simplify the fire design method of constrained steel members based on the high-temperature load-bearing limit state of structural components, large-scale parametric analyses are carried out by finite element numerical simulation to determine the load-bearing and failure behavior of axially compressed constrained steel members under fire. Based on the reliable numerical model, the influences of slenderness ratio, axial constraint stiffness ratio, and initial load ratio on the fire response time-series of axially compressed constrained steel members are investigated. The results indicate that all the above parameters significantly affect the fire response of constrained steel members. When the slenderness ratio is large, axial constraint stiffness ratio is small, and the initial load ratio is large, the unloading due to buckling can induce a reduction in the residual axial force of the member, making it smaller than initial axial force at room temperature. Although the critical temperature of the member in this case should be taken as the buckling temperature, it is still higher than the critical temperature of fully constrained steel members corresponding to the specific initial load ratio at the same slenderness ratio. On this basis, the least squares method is used to fit the relationship between the critical temperatures of axially constrained steel members and the corresponding critical temperatures of fully constrained and unconstrained steel members under compression, and the validity of the calculation method is verified by comparing the accurate results with the existing codes and numerical examples, which provides a practical approach for fire-resistant design of axially compressed and constrained steel members.
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国家重点研发计划(2022YFC3801900)
国家自然科学基金(52208196)
中央高校基本科研业务费(22120250078)
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