开口索穹顶结构抗倒塌性能及参数影响研究
Study on Collapse Resistance and Parameter Influence of Open Cable Dome Structures
开口索穹顶结构是一类新型索穹顶结构,目前其工程应用实例较少,导致结构的抗倒塌性能尚不明确。文中设计了一组大跨度开口索穹顶结构,并对其进行了连续倒塌非线性动力分析,研究不同类型单根索杆破断时结构的抗倒塌能力,以及初始预应力、开口大小等参数对索穹顶结构连续倒塌性能的影响。计算结果表明:外环索是开口索穹顶结构抗连续倒塌的关键传力杆件;对于不同参数的开口索穹顶结构,单根外环索破断,节点的最大竖向位移多为结构跨度的1/14左右,最大可达结构跨度的1/11,结构会发生较大范围的局部倒塌;在索结构体系中,单根索破坏会导致个别相邻索在内力重分布过程中应力被放大2~4倍,进而使其应力水平接近索体破断应力,增大连锁破断风险;当结构的初始预应力或开口尺寸增大时,可能会使结构的倒塌面积减小;当屋盖结构的跨度或矢跨比增大时,屋盖结构的倒塌面积也会随之增大;此外,矢跨比对开口索穹顶结构的抗连续倒塌性能有影响显著,随着矢跨比的增大,结构抗倒塌性能会迅速降低。因此,建议开口索穹顶结构采用较小的矢跨比,以增强其抗倒塌能力。
Open cable dome is a new type of cable dome. Its engineering application is few and its collapse resistance is not clear yet. A group of large-span open cable domes were designed and nonlinear dynamic analysis of progressive collapse was carried out to study the collapse resistance of the structures under the condition of single cable rod breaking of different types, and the influence of initial prestress, opening size and other parameters on the progressive collapse performance of open cable domes. The results show that the outer loop cable is the key member to resist the progressive collapse of open cable dome structures. For open cable dome structures with different parameters, the failure of a single outer loop cable results in that the maximum vertical displacement of the nodes is mostly about 1/14 of the span of the structure, the maximum displacement reaches 1/11 of the span of the structure, and the roof structure collapses in a large range. The failure of a single cable will cause the stress of individual adjacent cables to be amplified by 2 to 4 times in the process of internal force redistribution, so as to approach the minimum breaking stress of the cables. With the increase of the initial prestress or opening size, the collapse area of the roof structure decreases, and they have little effect on the progressive collapse of the open cable dome structure in general. The collapse area of roof structure increases with the increase of span or rise-span ratio. The rise-span ratio has a significant effect on the progressive collapse of the open cable dome structure, and the collapse resistance of the structure decreases rapidly with the increase of the rise-span ratio. It is suggested that the open cable dome should adopt small rise-span ratio to enhance its collapse resistance.
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