型钢开口肋-UHPC组合桥面板构造细节疲劳性能研究
王志宏, 李秉海, 黄云, 陈阳, 付承涛, 戴笠, 曾鹏罡
建筑钢结构进展 ›› 2026, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (01) : 47 -55.
型钢开口肋-UHPC组合桥面板构造细节疲劳性能研究
Research on Fatigue Performance of Structural Details in Section Steel-UHPC Composite Bridge Decks with Open Ribs
正交异性钢桥面板典型构造细节处的疲劳开裂,不仅使面板整体疲劳抗力显著降低,还会严重缩短其服役寿命。文中以某大跨度拱桥的钢箱主梁为研究对象,该钢箱主梁首次采用了型钢开口肋-UHPC组合桥面板结构;针对该组合桥面板的典型疲劳易损细节,分别建立了钢箱梁节段精细化混合单元有限元模型,基于疲劳加载及分析理论系统探究了疲劳细节的应力特征与疲劳损伤特性,并对其疲劳寿命进行合理预测。研究结果表明:纵肋与顶板焊接细节以及纵肋与横隔板焊接细节是决定型钢开口肋-UHPC组合桥面板疲劳性能的两类关键构造细节,每类焊接细节均具有多种疲劳失效模式,且不同失效模式下该组合桥面板的应力特征和疲劳特性存在显著差异;两类焊接细节的疲劳性能分别由顶板焊趾和横隔板焊趾失效位置的疲劳抗力决定;考虑当交通量增长时,两类焊接细节针对所有失效模式的疲劳累积损伤均呈显著增大趋势,且表现出典型的非线性增长特征;相较而言,纵肋与横隔板焊接细节的疲劳强度更低,且其疲劳寿命远低于设计寿命,在设计使用寿命期内具有更高的疲劳开裂风险,因此,宜对其进行改进设计并加强检测维护,确保其疲劳抗力和使用安全。
Fatigue cracking of typical structural details can significantly cause fatigue resistance reduction of orthotropic steel bridge decks (OSDs) and shorten the service life. A hot-rolled section steel – ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) lightweight composite bridge deck with open ribs (HSD), which was first used in the steel box girder of a long-span arch bridge, was taken as the research object. The refined three-dimensional finite element analysis models with mixed shell and solid elements for steel-box girder segment were established. Fatigue loading and theoretical analysis were conducted to explore the stress distributions and fatigue damage characteristics of typical fatigue-prone details, and to predict the fatigue life. The results indicate that rib-to-deck and rib-to-crossbeam welded joints are two types of critical structural details determining the fatigue performance of HSD. Each type of welded joints has multiple fatigue failure modes, and the stress distributions and fatigue performance of the welded joint corresponding to different failure modes have significant differences. Fatigue properties of the two types of welded joints are determined by the fatigue resistance of toe-deck failure and toe-crossbeam failure, respectively. When traffic growth is taken into account, the fatigue cumulative damage of each fatigue failure mode in the two welded joints increases significantly and exhibits representative nonlinear growth. By contrast, the rib-to-crossbeam welded joint has lower fatigue strength and a shorter fatigue life below the design life. This welded joint has a higher risk of fatigue cracking during the design service life. Therefore, the improvement of local structural details and more inspection and maintenance are needed to ensure the fatigue resistance and service safety of HSD.
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