不同场地下土-结相互作用对风机结构地震响应影响研究
张亚林 , 马会超 , 张振利 , 贾克勤 , 吴建新 , 王文明
建筑钢结构进展 ›› 2026, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (02) : 21 -34.
不同场地下土-结相互作用对风机结构地震响应影响研究
Seismic Response of Wind Turbine Structures Considering Soil-Structure Interaction at Different Site Conditions
地震灾害是影响风机正常运行的重要因素,土-结相互作用(SSI效应)对风机动力响应会产生影响。以不同场地(硬土和软土)的陆上风机为研究对象,采用ABAQUS软件建立风机-基础-土体精细化有限元模型,并对土体四周施加黏弹性边界。从太平洋PEER地震数据库中分别选取硬土场地和软土场地各3条地震动,对整体结构进行不同强度地震作用下的动力时程分析,研究场地类别、SSI效应对风机地震响应的影响。研究结果表明,SSI效应对风机结构在地震荷载下的响应具有放大作用:在硬土场地下,相较不考虑SSI效应的情况,塔筒应力最大值的变化率最高达到65.31%,塔顶位移最大值的变化率最高达到18.75%;在软土场地下,SSI效应对风机动力响应的放大作用更为显著,相较不考虑SSI效应的情况,塔筒应力最大值的变化率最高达到151.40%,塔顶位移最大值的变化率最高达到67.65%。风机结构在地震作用下,最大塔顶位移达到0.72 m,接近塔筒总高度的1%;最大塔筒应力达到249.97 MPa,结构响应较大,位于软土地基的风机结构存在破坏的风险。本文的研究成果为风机结构的设计提供了参考,强调了在风机结构设计中考虑SSI效应的重要性,特别是在软土地区,更应考虑SSI效应对风机动力响应的放大作用。
Earthquake disasters are significant factors affecting the normal operation of wind turbines, and soil-structure interaction (SSI) can influence the dynamic response of wind turbines. Focusing on onshore wind turbines in different site conditions (hard soil and soft soil), a refined finite element model of the turbine-foundation-soil system was established using ABAQUS, and a viscoelastic boundary was applied around the soil. Three seismic motions were selected from the PEER earthquake database for both hard and soft soil sites to perform dynamic time-history analysis of the entire structure under different seismic intensities, and examine the impact of site category and SSI effects on the seismic response of wind turbines. The results indicate that SSI effects amplify the seismic response of wind turbine structures. In hard soil sites, compared to scenarios without considering SSI effects, the maximum change rate of tower stress reaches up to 65.31%, and the maximum change rate of tower top displacement reaches up to 18.75%; in soft soil sites, the amplification effect of SSI on the dynamic response of wind turbines is more significant, with the maximum change rate of tower stress reaching up to 151.40%, and the maximum change rate of tower top displacement reaching up to 67.65%. Under seismic actions, the maximum tower top displacement of the wind turbine structure reaches 0.72 m, which is close to 1% of the total height of the tower; the maximum tower stress reaches 249.97 MPa, indicating a significant structural response and a risk of damage to wind turbine structures on soft soil foundations. This study provides a reference for the design of wind turbine structures, emphasizing the importance of considering SSI effects in wind turbine design, especially in soft soil areas, where the amplification effect of SSI on the dynamic response of wind turbines should be given particular attention.
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国家自然科学基金(51908340)
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