考虑轴力效应下单切角梁承载性能研究
Study on the Strength and Behavior of Single-Coped Beams under Axial Force Effects
在钢结构建筑和桥梁中,为保证主次梁上翼缘对齐,次梁的梁端往往需要切角。在地震、风或温度等作用下,次梁中会出现轴力,从而影响其受力情况。当前关于切角梁在考虑轴力作用下的承载性能仍然缺乏系统研究,因此,本文旨在研究单切角梁在考虑轴力作用下的承载性能。设计并开展了4根足尺单切角梁的静力加载试验,并使用有限元软件对试件进行了深入分析,着重研究了切口区域轴力对承载力的影响。结果表明:所有试件破坏形式均为切口区域腹板局部屈曲破坏;轴向压力会加剧切口区域的应力集中效应,导致切口区域内主压应力增大,从而使得腹板更易发生屈曲失稳,降低切角梁的极限承载力,而轴向拉力则会缓解切口区域的应力集中效应,减小切口区域内的主压应力,提高切角梁的极限承载力。将试验数据与已有的单切角梁承载力计算公式计算值进行比较,结果表明既有公式未考虑到轴力对切口区域应力分布和屈曲模式的影响,预测值与试验值存在偏差。
In steel structure buildings and bridges, the beam ends of secondary beams often need to be coped to align with the flanges of primary beams. Under seismic loads, wind loads, or temperature loads, axial forces may develop in secondary beams, affecting their structural performance. Systematic research on the performance of coped beams under axial forces is still lacking. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the performance of single-coped beams considering axial forces. Four full-scale single-coped beam specimens were designed and tested under static loading, and finite element analysis was conducted to provide an in-depth analysis of the specimens, focusing on the influence of axial forces in the coped region on the ultimate resistance. The results show that the failure mode of the specimens is local web buckling in the coped area. Axial compression intensifies the stress concentration in the coped region, leading to an increase in the principal compressive stress within the area. This makes the web more susceptible to buckling instability, thereby reducing the ultimate resistance of the coped beam. In contrast, axial tension alleviates the stress concentration in the coped region, reduces the principal compressive stress within the area, and enhances the ultimate resistance of the coped beam. Comparing the experimental data with the predicted values from existing calculation formulas for the ultimate resistance of single-coped beams reveals that existing formulas do not account for the effect of axial force on stress distribution and buckling mode in the coped area, leading to discrepancies between the predicted results and the experimental results.
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国家自然科学基金(52178111)
重庆市自然科学基金(CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX0287)
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