基于PZT的钢筋锈蚀监测方法及脱钝损伤演化机理研究
Monitoring Method of Reinforcement Corrosion and Evolution Mechanism of Depassivation Damage Based on PZT
钢筋锈蚀脱钝会使保护膜破坏,生成的锈蚀产物导致混凝土发生胀裂,降低了钢筋混凝土(RC)结构的安全性与使用寿命。为揭示混凝土结构中钢筋锈蚀与脱钝过程,本文基于波动理论,引入钢筋锈蚀损伤指标,提出了基于压电陶瓷(PZT)的钢筋锈蚀损伤监测方法,并开展了相关试验研究。首先,根据法拉第定律计算理论锈蚀率,对RC试件进行通电加速锈蚀并修正理论锈蚀率,研究了不同锈蚀率试件中的应力波传播特性;其次,对比钢筋材料锈蚀演化的4个阶段,明晰了脱钝和脱黏阶段的锈蚀率区间;最后,提出以信号能量为指标的钢筋脱钝损伤演化模型,实现了钢筋锈蚀损伤的量化与动态监测。研究表明:理论锈蚀率与实际锈蚀率最大误差为5.4%,通过监测所揭示的锈蚀演化机理与钢筋材料锈蚀的四阶段规律吻合较好,损伤指标与服役年限呈二次函数关系。这些表明本文提出的方法能够有效监控RC结构的锈蚀演化,所提出的模型可预测钢筋脱钝年限,可为整体RC结构的安全性与耐久性评估提供技术支撑。
The corrosion depassivation of reinforcement leads to the surface protective film failure and the resulting corrosion products cause the expansion and cracking of concrete, which reduces the safety and service life of RC structures. To reveal the corrosion and depassivation process of reinforcement in concrete structures, this paper proposes a PZT-based reinforcement corrosion damage monitoring method by introducing a reinforcement corrosion damage factor based on stress wave theory, and conducts relevant experiments. Firstly, the theoretical corrosion rate was calculated using Faraday's law to accelerate the corrosion of RC specimens, and was subsequently corrected. The propagation characteristics of stress waves in specimens with different corrosion rates were investigated. Secondly, by comparing the monitoring results with the four stages of reinforcement corrosion evolution at the material level, the corrosion rate intervals corresponding to the depassivation and debonding stages were clarified. Finally, a reinforcement depassivation damage evolution model using signal energy as an indicator was proposed, which realizes the quantification and dynamic monitoring of reinforcement corrosion damage. The research results indicate that the maximum error between the theoretical and actual corrosion rate is 5.4%. The corrosion evolution mechanism revealed by the reinforcement corrosion monitoring test matches well with the four stages of reinforcement corrosion at the material level. The damage indicator exhibits a quadratic functional relationship with the service life. These findings indicate that the proposed method can effectively monitor the corrosion evolution process of RC structures, and the established model is capable of predicting the reinforcement depassivation time, which provides technical support for assessing the safety and durability of the overall RC structure.
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“十四五”国家重点研发计划(2023YFF0906102)
福建省交通运输科技项目(202301)
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