基于复杂应力状态的火灾后高强钢本构模型研究
Study on the Constitutive Model of High-strength Steel After Fire Based on Complex Stress States
火灾会严重威胁高强钢结构的安全。高强钢受火作用后,其力学性能发生显著劣化,在外部荷载产生的复杂应力状态下易发生断裂破坏,从而导致整体结构发生倒塌,因此需要准确掌握高强钢火灾后的断裂性能。合理的本构模型是准确预测高强钢火灾后断裂性能的重要前提,且该模型需适用于不同应力状态。因此,本文以Q690高强钢为研究对象,通过设计光滑圆棒试件、缺口圆棒试件及平板槽口试件以考虑不同应力状态;将试件分别进行200~1 000 ℃的高温加热,再采用自然冷却和浸水冷却两种方式冷却;随后对受火后的试件进行拉伸试验,从而获得荷载-变形曲线。结合试验数据与有限元数值分析结果,建立了高温后Q690钢材考虑不同应力三轴度和罗德角参数的真实应力-应变模型。该模型可较准确地预测火灾后不同应力状态下Q690钢材断裂前的承载性能;可为高强钢结构火灾后的断裂性能预测提供依据。
Fire is a serious disaster threatening the safety of high-strength steel structures. After being exposed to fire,high-strength steel undergoes significant deterioration in its mechanical properties, and under complex stress states generated by external loads,it can even fracture and cause the collapse of entire structure. Therefore,it is particularly essential to accurately predict fracture behavior of high-strength steel. Use of a reasonable constitutive model is the basis for accurately predicting the fracture behavior of high-strength steel after a fire. In an addition,the proposed constitutive model should be applicable to different stress states. In this study,considering different stress states,Q690 steel smooth round specimens,notched round specimens,and grooved plate specimens are designed. They are exposed to high temperature ranging from 200 to 1000℃,and then cooled down using air-cooling and water-cooling methods,respectively. Tension tests are then conducted on these specimens to obtain their load vs. deformation curves. Based on the experimental data and finite element numerical analysis results,post-fire true stress-strain models of Q690 steel considering different stress triaxiality and lode angle parameters are established,and the post-fire fracture parameters are also calibrated in this study. The obtained true stress-strain model can accurately predict the performance of Q690 steel specimens under different stress states after fire. Using the calibrated fracture parameters,the fracture initiation of the specimens with different stress state can be reasonably predicted,which can provide an effective method for assessing the post-fire load and deformation bearing capacity of high-strength steel structures.
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国家自然科学基金(52368069)
海南省高层次人才项目(524RC477)
海南大学科研启动基金项目(RZ2300002708)
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