基于精细化有限元模型的风电机组导管架支撑结构地震响应研究
尹禧龙 , 王宇航 , 孙秋菊 , 王李吉 , 王雪迪 , 刘子昂
建筑钢结构进展 ›› 2026, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (9) : 23 -30.
基于精细化有限元模型的风电机组导管架支撑结构地震响应研究
Seismic Response of a Wind Turbine Jacket Support Structure Based on a Refined Finite Element Model
以某13.6 MW海上风机纯钢导管架支撑结构为原型,基于ABAQUS开展整塔精细化建模。模态分析结果表明,结构x、y向振型特性接近,两个方向均以前四阶振型贡献为主。选取3条地震动记录开展弹塑性动力时程分析,结果表明:6度罕遇地震动作用下,塔顶位移主要受偏心重力效应控制;8度罕遇地震动作用下,塔顶位移主要受地震动影响;同一地震动作用下,塔顶相对位移、塔底弯矩与塔底剪力的时程波形保持一致,幅值随峰值加速度(PGA)呈线性增长;8度罕遇地震动作用下,导管架支撑结构未发生破坏。3条地震波作用下的塔顶位移从大到小依次为波1、波3、波2,塔底弯矩和剪力从大到小依次为波2、波1、波3,表明塔顶位移不宜单独作为评判塔体抗震性能的指标。结构位移响应以一阶振型为主,位移放大系数与结构一阶自振周期对应的反应谱值呈正相关。波1、波3作用下的弯矩时程以一阶振型为主,剪力时程受一阶、三阶振型共同控制;波2作用下弯矩时程的前三阶振型贡献相当,剪力时程以三阶振型为主。尽管波1、波3对应一阶振型位置的反应谱值较低,但二者对导管架支撑结构的塔顶位移、塔底弯矩及塔底剪力影响显著,说明风电机组导管架支撑结构抗震设计需要重视地震动长周期成分带来的响应效应。
A refined full-tower model of the steel jacket support structure of a 13.6 MW offshore wind turbine was established using ABAQUS. Modal analysis showed that the vibration modes in the x- and y-directions were similar, with the first four modes dominating in each direction. Elastoplastic dynamic time-history analyses under three seismic ground motions indicated that the tower-top displacement was primarily influenced by eccentric gravity under rare earthquakes of 6 degree, and by ground motion under rare earthquakes of 8 degree. Under the same ground motion, the relative displacement time histories at the tower top, as well as the bending moment and shear force time histories at the tower base, exhibited identical waveforms, with amplitudes increasing linearly with peak ground acceleration (PGA). The jacket support structure remained intact under rare earthquakes of intensity 8. The tower-top displacements from largest to smallest is wave 1, wave 3, wave 2, whereas the tower-base bending moments and shear forces from largest to smallest is wave 2, wave 3, wave 1, demonstrating that tower-top displacement alone could not characterize seismic performance. The displacement responses were dominated by the first mode, and the displacement amplification factors were positively correlated with the response spectrum values at the first natural period. For Waves 1 and 3, the bending moment time histories were dominated by the first mode, whereas the shear force time histories were dominated by the first and third modes. For Wave 2, the contributions of the first three modes to the bending moments were comparable, and shear force time histories were dominated by the third mode. Despite the low response spectrum values corresponding to the first mode of Waves 1 and 3, they significantly influenced the tower-top displacements, base bending moments, and shear forces. These findings highlight the effects of long-period ground-motion components on the seismic response of wind turbine jacket support structures should be considered.
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