大跨度连崖结构人行及风致舒适度分析与振动控制研究
Comfort Analysis and Vibration Control of a Large-Span Cliff Structure Under Pedestrian and Wind-Induced Vibration
某实际工程连崖结构采用钢筋混凝土核心筒结合钢桁架的结构形式,核心筒高度近百米,连接体钢桁架跨度达65 m;连崖端通过铅芯橡胶支座与崖壁相连。考虑到人行荷载与风荷载在结构服役期间频繁出现,且该类结构对密集人群荷载及风荷载较为敏感,文中针对该连崖结构的自振特性及其在人群荷载与风荷载作用下的振动响应、影响因素及控制措施开展系统研究。通过自振频率分析与稳态分析完成精准模态识别,同时模拟了人群荷载及风荷载时程函数开展结构振动响应分析。结果表明:连崖结构竖向自振频率较高,横向自振频率偏低,处于人群荷载激励频率区间;楼盖横向峰值加速度满足规范要求。风致楼盖横向振动与人致振动不存在耦合效应,但楼盖横向峰值加速度超出了规范限值,需要开展减振控制研究。分别采用在连接体桁架布置调谐质量阻尼器、核心筒顶部布置调谐液体阻尼器、连崖端支座处布置黏滞阻尼器三种减振方案进行对比。结果表明:调谐液体阻尼器对核心筒顶部风振加速度的控制效果较好,但对桁架风振的控制效果较差;黏滞阻尼器构造布设简便,但风振控制效果一般;调谐质量阻尼器对风致振动的控制效果最优。
A cliff structure in a practical project adopts a structural system comprising a reinforced concrete core tube and a steel truss. The core tubes are nearly 100 m high, and the connecting steel truss has a span of 65 m. The cliff end is connected to the cliff wall using lead rubber bearings. Considering that pedestrian and wind loads often occur during service and this structural system is sensitive to dense crowd and wind loads, the natural vibration characteristics, vibration responses, influencing factors, and control measures of the structure under crowd and wind loads were investigated in detail. The relevant modes were accurately identified through natural-frequency and steady-state analyses, and structural vibration responses were analyzed by simulating the time-history functions of crowd and wind loads. The analysis results indicated that the vertical vibration frequency of the cliff structure was relatively high, and the lateral natural frequency was low and within the excitation frequency range of crowd loads. The lateral peak acceleration of the floor satisfied the requirements, and there was no coupling effect between the wind-induced lateral vibration of the floor and human-induced vibration. However, the lateral peak acceleration of the floor exceeded the specification limit, indicating that vibration control was required. Three vibration control schemes were adopted, including tuned mass dampers installed on the connecting truss, tuned liquid dampers installed on the top of the core tube, and viscous dampers installed at the cliff-side supports. The comparison results showed that the tuned liquid dampers offered better control over the wind-induced acceleration at the top of the core tube, but were less effective for the truss wind-induced vibration. The viscous dampers were easy to install but provided moderate wind-induced vibration control, whereas tuned mass dampers provided the best control of wind-induced vibration.
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