State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources,Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Research Institute of Forestry CAF,Beijing 100091,China
Objective The study aimed to establish an indicator system and methodology for evaluating plantation stability,propose recommendations and strategies for enhancing stability,thereby providing a basis for the sustainable management of plantations. Method Through a case study of the plantations in Saihanba Mechanical Forest Farm,the current stand status were analyzed.Guided by the rule of π value for optimal stand status,an indicator system for evaluating plantation stability was constructed by selecting key indicators related to stand structure,vitality,forest fire risk,and pest and disease risk.The unit circle method was finally used to evaluate stand stability. Result The plantations in Saihanba were characterized by a monospecific composition and a simplified predominantly single-layered structure.They exhibited a relatively high proportion of healthy trees,with the diameter distributions approximating a normal or multimodal pattern.Regarding spatial distribution,the spatial distribution pattern of stands in Madawopu (Beimandian sub-farm) and Kudanggou (Qiancengban sub-farm) was random,while others were uniformly distributed.The stand density was relatively low in Zhaidaozi(Sandaohekou sub-farm)and the near-mature forests in Toudaogou (Qiancengban sub-farm) whereas other stands exhibited moderate density.Natural regeneration met moderate or higher standards only in Ertaizi and Binglanggou (both in Beimandian sub-farm),with all other stands showing poor regeneration.Furthermore,all studied stands presented a relatively high fire risk.Overall,the stand stability of Saihanba plantations was poor.Among the eight stands,those in Kudanggou (Qiancengban sub-farm),Ertaizi,and Madawopu (both in Beimandian sub-farm) demonstrated moderate stability.The stand in Madawopu exhibited the highest stability,with a SAF value of 0.433.Stands in site 2314-947 (Sandaohekou sub-farm),the middle-aged forest in Toudao-gou (Qiancengban sub-farm),and Binglanggou (Beimandian sub-farm) had stability evaluation values within the range of [0.20,0.35),indicating poor stability.The stands in Zhaidaozi (Sandaohekou sub-farm) and the near-mature forests in Toudaogou (Qiancengban sub-farm) exhibited the poorest stability,with SAF values of 0.188 and 0.182. Conclusion The indicator system for stability evaluation and methodology developed based on the current stand status can effectively express differences in stand characteristics.These indicators are straightforward to calculate and highly practical,yielding stability evaluation results that are clear and intuitive.This approach can guide the formulation of management strategies to enhance plantation stability.
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