Objective This research aims to investigate the slope runoff-sediment processes and the patterns of available nitrogen (AN) and phosphorus (AP) loss under freeze-thaw conditions,in order to reveal the time-lag effect between them,and to provide an important reference for soil and water conservation and prevention of nutrient loss during the freeze-thaw period on the Loess Plateau. Method Indoor simulated rainfall and freeze-thaw experiments were conducted to analyze the migration patterns and loss pathways of AN and AP in runoff and sediment under different initial water content conditions for two slope treatments:unfrozen-thawed slope (LS) and frozen-thawed slope (FTS).And the time-lag effect between slope runoff-sediment processes and available nitrogen-phosphorus loss under freeze-thaw was clarified. Result Freeze-thaw significantly prolonged the time required for the slope to reach stable infiltration and affected the slope runoff and sediment yield processes.When the water content was 30%,the total runoff of FTS slope was the highest,but the total sediment yield was relatively low.Under different water content conditions,significant difference was observed in the ratios of AN and AP lost via runoff and sediment in LS and FTS treatments,with the runoff being the main loss pathway in both cases.Freeze-thaw altered the time-lag effect between available nitrogen migration and runoff processes on slopes.AN loss in LS slope occurred synchronically with runoff,while in FTS slope,there was a 45-minute lag between AN loss and runoff processes under the water content condition of 10%.And the lag time was shortened to 30 minutes under the water content condition of 30%. Conclusion Freeze-thaw altered the time-lag effect between the migration of available nitrogen and phosphorus on slopes and the runoff generation process,but showed no significant effect on that between available phosphorus loss and the sediment yield process.
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