剑毛帕厉螨对不同虫态西花蓟马的捕食作用
Predation of Stratiolaelaps scimitus on Frankliniella occidentalis at different developmental stages
目的 探究剑毛帕厉螨(Stratiolaelaps scimitus)成螨对不同虫态西花蓟马(Frankliniella occidentalis)的捕食功能及其自身的干扰反应,科学评价剑毛帕厉螨对西花蓟马的生防潜力。 方法 选择健康的、经过24 h饥饿处理的剑毛帕厉螨成螨为捕食者,以发育完整的西花蓟马1龄若虫、2龄若虫和伪蛹为供试猎物,在3块透明亚克力板组成的捕食小室中进行试验,分析剑毛帕厉螨对西花蓟马1龄若虫、2龄若虫及伪蛹的捕食功能反应及其自身的干扰反应。 结果 剑毛帕厉螨对3种虫态的西花蓟马均可捕食,且其捕食功能反应均符合Holling Ⅱ型模型:剑毛帕厉螨对西花蓟马伪蛹的捕食能力最强,攻击系数(a)为0.835 9,处理时间(Th)为0.206 2 d,捕食能力(a/Th)达4.053 1,日捕食上限为4.848 6头;剑毛帕厉螨对西花蓟马1龄若虫捕食能力次之,攻击系数为0.555 8,处理时间为0.228 5 d,捕食能力为2.432 2,日捕食上限为4.375 7头;剑毛帕厉螨对西花蓟马2龄若虫的捕食能力相对较弱,攻击系数为0.670 2,处理时间为0.354 3 d,捕食能力为1.891 7,日捕食上限为2.822 3头。同时,剑毛帕厉螨种内干扰会降低其自身的捕食作用率,且随着自身密度增加,日捕食量逐渐下降。 结论 剑毛帕厉螨对西花蓟马伪蛹和若虫均具有较强的捕食控制能力,可作为其蛹期、若虫期生物防治的潜在天敌资源,该结果为西花蓟马绿色防控提供了科学依据。
Objective The study aims to investigate the predatory functional response and intraspecific interference of Stratiolaelaps scimitus on different developmental stages of Frankliniella occidentalis,and to scientifically evaluate the biological control potential of S.scimitus against F.occidentalis. Method Healthy and 24-hour starved S.scimitus were used as predators,and fully developed 1st instar nymphs,2nd instar nymphs and prepupae of F.occidentalis were used as prey.Experiments were conducted in predation chambers composed of three transpa-rent acrylic plates.The functional response and interference reaction of S.scimitus preying on 1st instar nymphs,2nd instar nymphs and prepupae of F.occidentalis were analyzed. Result The test results indicate that S.scimitus preyed on all three tested stages of F.occidentalis,and its predatory functional response fitted the Holling Type Ⅱ model.It showed the strongest predation capacity on prepupae of F.occidentalis,with an attack rate (a) of 0.835 9,handling time of 0.206 2 d,predation capacity of 4.053 1,and a maximum daily predation of 4.848 6 individuals.Predation capacity on 1st instar nymphs of F.occidentalis was moderate,with an attack rate of 0.555 8,handling time of 0.228 5 d,predation capacity of 2.432 2,and maximum daily predation of 4.375 7 individuals.Predation capacity on 2nd instar nymphs of F.occidentalis was relatively weak,with an attack rate of 0.670 2,handling time of 0.354 3 d,predation capacity of 1.891 7,and maximum daily predation of 2.822 3 individuals.Meanwhile,intraspecific interference of S.scimitus reduced the predation rate,and daily predation gradually decreased with increasing predator density of S.scimitus. Conclusion S.scimitus exhibits strong predatory control against nymphs and prepupae of F.occidentalis,and can be used as a potential natural enemy resource for the biological control of its nymphal and prepupal stages,providing a scientific basis for the green management of F.occidentalis.
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国家自然科学基金项目(32460673)
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