不同类型干酪根热解特性及微观机理分子动力学模拟
冯鑫霓 , 黄亮 , 徐侦耀 , 安思润 , 田宝华 , 陈秋桔 , 杨琴 , 刘蓓 , 宁正福
成都理工大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2026, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (3) : 463 -476.
不同类型干酪根热解特性及微观机理分子动力学模拟
Molecular simulations of pyrolysis of different types of kerogen: characteristics and microscopic mechanisms
煤的原位气化与油页岩的原位改质技术通过高温加热方式将重质组分热解为轻质气体组分,能够显著提高煤与油页岩的资源回收率,是当前地下矿物原位开采的关键技术。作为煤和油页岩中的主要有机质,干酪根热解特性决定了煤与油页岩的原位开采潜力,目前不同类型干酪根热解特性差异和微观机理仍有待明确。本文基于ⅠA、ⅡA、ⅢA 型干酪根,提取了干酪根典型化学结构片段,采用量子化学方法分析干酪根结构单元热解活性位点。结合分子动力学方法与 ReaxFF 力场开展了干酪根在升温过程中的热解行为分子模拟。结果表明干酪根中羰基和羧基对 C−C 键具有明显削弱作用。干酪根热解过程包含弱化学键断裂生成大分子组分、自由基大量产生以及高温下自由基与碎片产物结合形成稳定小分子组分 3 个阶段。研究结果完善了煤和油页岩中干酪根的微观热解理论,可为地下煤和油页岩原位开采技术的发展和创新提供重要理论支撑。
The in situ gasification of coal and the in situ modification of oil shale require high-temperature heating to decompose heavy components into light gaseous products, significantly enhancing the resource recovery efficiency of coal and oil shale. These processes represent key technologies in the current domain of in situ extraction of subsurface minerals. As the primary organic constituent in coal and oil shale, the pyrolysis behavior of kerogen is a critical determinant of the underground gasification potential of these resources. However, variations in pyrolysis characteristics and its microscopic mechanisms among different types of kerogen remain inadequately understood. In this study, we focus on kerogen types ⅠA, ⅡA, and ⅢA, extracting representative chemical structure fragments and employing quantum chemical methods to analyze the active sites in kerogen structural units during pyrolysis. Molecular dynamics simulations of the pyrolysis process under increasing temperatures were conducted with the ReaxFF reactive force field. The results demonstrate that carbonyl and carboxyl groups significantly weaken C−C bonds in kerogen. The kerogen pyrolysis process can be divided into three stages: the cleavage of weak chemical bonds forming large molecular components, the generation of abundant free radicals, and the recombination of free radicals with fragment products at elevated temperatures, which produce stable small molecules. These findings enhance theoretical understanding of the microscopic pyrolysis mechanisms of kerogen in coal and oil shale, providing critical theoretical support for advancing and innovating in situ mining technologies for underground coal and oil shale resources.
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国家自然科学基金(52204031,52574030)
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