贵州习水中二叠统栖霞组有孔虫形态群及沉积微相特征

刘家乐 ,  徐胜林 ,  陈延贵 ,  郝毅 ,  庞谦 ,  陈安清 ,  雍伟 ,  李雯

成都理工大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2026, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (3) : 477 -493.

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成都理工大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2026, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (3) : 477 -493. DOI: 10.12474/cdlgzrkx.2024112701

贵州习水中二叠统栖霞组有孔虫形态群及沉积微相特征

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Foraminifera morphogroups and carbonate microfacies in the Middle Permian Qixia Formation in Xishui, Guizhou Province

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摘要

四川盆地中二叠统栖霞组是近年来中国海相地层油气勘探领域的热点层系,但其沉积模式一直存在争议。选取四川盆地南部栖霞组出露较好的贵州省遵义市习水县温水剖面,通过薄片鉴定,识别出有孔虫 22 属 48 种(含亚种、未定种),并将其划分为 M1~M6 共 6 个有孔虫形态群。基于薄片下观察到的岩石结构划分出含钙藻粒泥灰岩、生物潜穴灰泥岩、生屑破碎的粒泥灰岩、生屑密集堆积的泥粒灰岩、含有孔虫泥粒灰岩、有孔虫−钙藻泥粒灰岩、含粗枝藻碎屑泥粒灰岩、含粪粒泥灰岩、均质无化石灰泥岩、似球粒颗粒灰岩、有孔虫−粗枝藻颗粒灰岩、有孔虫−翁格达藻颗粒灰岩共 12 种沉积微相。贵州习水地区栖霞组发育陆棚相、斜坡相及开阔台地相,总体上处于非镶边碳酸盐岩台地环境。通过钙藻类型及组合可将开阔台地相进一步划分为台内滩、浅水开阔台地及较深水开阔台地亚相。台内滩亚相含丰富的形态群 M3c、M4、M5、M6 分子,浅水开阔台地亚相与较深水开阔台地亚相均可见较丰富的形态群 M3a 及 M3b 分子,二者以是否含有粗枝藻类钙藻进行区分。

Abstract

In recent years, the Middle Permian Qixia Formation in the Sichuan Basin has attracted considerable attention for oil and gas exploration, but its sedimentary model remains highly controversial. In this study, 48 species in 22 genera (including subspecies and indeterminate species) of foraminifera were identified in the well-outcropped Wenshui section in Xishui, Guizhou Province, and divided into six morphogroups (M1–M6). Based on the study of thin-section rock structure, 12 types of microfacies were recognized: coralline algae wackstone, burrow mudstone, bioclastic wackstone, densely packed bioclastic packstone, foraminifera packstone, foraminifera coralline algae packstone, dasycladale bioclastic packstone, fecal pellet wackstone, non-fossil mudstone, peloid grainstone, foraminifera dasycladale grainstone, and foraminifera Ungdarella grainstone. The Qixia Formation in Xishui, Guizhou Province is mainly a carbonate platform without rims, in which a continental shelf, slope, and open platform facies developed. The open platform facies can be divided into shallow open platform subfacies, deep open platform subfacies, and platform shoals subfacies. The platform shoals subfacies contain abundant M3c, M4, M5, and M6 morphogroup foraminifera, shallow open platform subfacies, and deep open platform subfacies containing abundant M3a and M3b morphogroup foraminifera; however, the deep open platform subfacies lack Dasycladales.

关键词

栖霞组 / 四川盆地 / 沉积微相 / 有孔虫形态群 / 非镶边碳酸盐岩台地

Key words

Qixia Formation / Sichuan Basin / microfacies / foraminifera morphogroup / carbonate platform without rims

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刘家乐,徐胜林,陈延贵,郝毅,庞谦,陈安清,雍伟,李雯. 贵州习水中二叠统栖霞组有孔虫形态群及沉积微相特征[J]. 成都理工大学学报(自然科学版), 2026, 53(3): 477-493 DOI:10.12474/cdlgzrkx.2024112701

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基金资助

国家科技重大专项(2025ZD1400403)

国家自然科学基金(42172132)

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