前陆盆地动力学研究进展与未来发展方向
李勇 , 赵少泽 , 李芃宇 , 芦凤明 , 刘逸强 , 郝越翔 , 李宜真 , 赵亮 , 徐正 , 杨欣 , 许艺凡 , 徐川 , 宋志华 , 解馨慧
成都理工大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2026, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (4) : 856 -890.
前陆盆地动力学研究进展与未来发展方向
Research progress and future perspectives of foreland basin dynamics
21世纪以来,在造山带−前陆盆地系统中发生的一系列“强烈地震”和“页岩气革命”使得造山带−前陆盆地动力学再次成为全球研究的热点。本文以全球视野梳理了前陆盆地研究的发展历史、基础理论、研究现状和典型案例,归纳了前陆盆地动力学的新理论、新技术和新数据,提出了前陆盆地动力学的学科内涵、研究内容和发展方向。本文提出“前陆盆地动力学”是研究前陆盆地形成演化、表面过程、沉积充填、构造变形、成矿成藏和地震活动及其动力学机制的综合性学科,并对其研究范畴进行了4个方面的拓展。(1)将研究内容拓展为5个研究领域和1种研究方法,包括前陆盆地地表动力学、前陆盆地沉积充填动力学、前陆盆地构造动力学、前陆盆地地球动力学、前陆盆地成藏动力学和前陆盆地动力学模拟;(2)将研究的空间尺度从单个造山带−前陆盆地的尺度拓展到全球造山带−前陆盆地的尺度;(3)将研究的时间尺度从地质时间尺度(百万年)拓展到人类时间尺度(十几年至几百年);(4)将研究的范式从“实际资料支撑的前陆盆地动力学模型研究”拓展为“大数据支撑的前陆盆地动力学数值模型研究”,提出利用数值模拟方法获取前陆盆地的过去、现在和未来的演化过程和动态图像,提高对造山带−前陆盆地系统的地质事件和油气资源预测的准确性。本项研究成果为开展前陆盆地动力学的学科建设与发展战略研究提供科学依据。
Since the 21st century, a series of strong earthquakes and the “shale gas revolution” occurring in orogenic belt–foreland basin systems have once again made the dynamics of orogenic belts and foreland basins a global research hotspot. This paper provides a global perspective on the historical development, fundamental theories, current research status, and typical case studies of foreland basins. It summarizes new theories, technologies, and data in the field of foreland basin dynamics, and proposes disciplinary connotation, research content, and future research directions. This paper proposes that the dynamics of foreland basins can be comprehensively studied in terms of formation and evolution, surface processes, sedimentary filling, sedimentary mineralization, hydrocarbon accumulation, tectonic deformation, seismic activity, and dynamic mechanisms. Furthermore, the research scope of foreland basin dynamics is expanded in four aspects. First, the research content is expanded into five fields and one research method, which includes sedimentary filling dynamics, tectonic dynamics, surface dynamics, geodynamics, hydrocarbon accumulation dynamics, and dynamic simulations of foreland basins. Second, the spatial scale of the study is extended from the scale of single orogenic belts and foreland basins to the scale of global orogenic belts and foreland basins. Third, the time scale of the study is extended from the human time scale (tens to hundreds of years) to geological time scales (million years and more). Fourth, the research paradigm is expanded from “research of foreland basin dynamic models supported by actual data” to “research of foreland basin dynamic numerical models supported by big data.” This expansion involves the use of numerical simulations to obtain the past, present, future evolution processes and dynamic images of foreland basins, and to improve prediction accuracy of geological events and hydrocarbon resources in orogenic belt–foreland basin systems. This research provides a scientific basis for the disciplined construction and development strategies for studying foreland basin dynamics.
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国家自然科学基金项目战略研究类项目(42342027)
2024年四川省研究生教育教学改革项目(YJGXM24-C030)
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