单孔腹腔镜技术在泌尿外科的应用现状与未来展望^*

Current Applications and Future Prospects of Laparoendoscopic Single-Site Surgery in Urology

摘要

近年来，单孔腹腔镜手术（laparoendoscopic single-site surgery, LESS）因其在传统多孔腹腔镜基础上可提供更佳的美容效果、更轻的术后疼痛和更快的术后恢复而受到关注。然而，LESS技术难度高、学习曲线陡峭。机器人手术系统的引入为克服LESS的技术瓶颈提供了新方案，推动了其发展。本文综述了LESS在泌尿外科的应用现状，重点讨论了机器人辅助单孔腹腔镜手术（robot-assisted LESS, R-LESS）的技术进展、临床效果及面临的挑战，并对未来与人工智能、远程手术、医疗大数据等前沿技术融合的发展方向进行了展望。

Abstract

In recent years, laparoendoscopic single-site surgery (LESS) has gained growing attention because, compared with conventional multiport laparoscopy, it offers superior cosmetic outcomes, reduced postoperative pain, and faster. However, LESS is technically more challenging and characterized by a steep learning curve. The introduction of robotic surgical systems offers new solutions to overcome the technical limitations of LESS, thereby promoting its further development. This article provides a review of the current applications of LESS in urology, with a focus on the technical progress, clinical outcomes, and challenges of robot-assisted LESS (R-LESS). Additionally, the future trends involving the integration of cutting-edge technologies such as artificial intelligence, telesurgery, and medical big data are discussed.

关键词

单孔腹腔镜手术 / 机器人辅助手术 / 泌尿外科 / 综述

Key words

Laparoendoscopic single-site surgery / Robotic-assisted surgery / Urology / Review

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基金资助

*江苏省卫生健康委医学科研重点项目(ZD2021028)