魔芋葡甘聚糖对糖尿病前期肥胖患者血糖和胰岛素的干预作用

The Effect of Konjac Glucomannan on Blood Glucose and Insulin Levels in Obese Patients With Prediabetes

摘要

目的 探讨魔芋葡甘聚糖（KGM）对糖尿病前期肥胖者的血糖指标和胰岛素抵抗的影响。方法 招募符合条件的2021年7月–2022年6月在四川大学华西医院门诊部确诊为糖尿病前期的102例肥胖者，随机分配到试验组（KGM组，n=53）和对照组（n=49），进行为期3个月的随机对照试验。所有受试者均执行个性化的饮食和运动方案，KGM组在此基础上将每日饮食中的部分碳水化合物替换为60 g魔芋复合膳食纤维饼。除了考察KGM对空腹血糖的影响，同时观察两组受试者的餐后2 h血糖、胰岛素相关指标及肥胖相关参数的变化。结果 KGM组共41例完成试验，依从率77.36%。对照组共38例完成试验，依从率77.55%。经过3个月的饮食和运动干预，KGM组空腹血糖控制有效率为100%，高于对照组控制有效率（82%）。KGM组空腹血糖下降程度、空腹胰岛素、胰岛素抵抗、胰岛素敏感性、体质量、腰围的控制有效率均高于对照组（P<0.05），但两组受试者体质量指数、餐后2 h血糖、餐后2 h胰岛素以及胰岛β细胞活性有效控制率差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。试验过程中，KGM组有2例受试者出现严重腹部不适，停用饼干后症状缓解，2例出现一过性腹泻，1例出现肛门排气增多。结论 KGM能有效控制空腹血糖，具有促进减肥、降血糖、增强糖尿病前期肥胖者胰岛素敏感性的作用。

Abstract

Objective To investigate the effects of konjac glucomannan (KGM) on glycemic indicators and insulin resistance in obese individuals with prediabetes. Methods A total of 102 obese individuals diagnosed with prediabetes at the outpatient department of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, between July 2021 and June 2022 were recruited and randomly assigned to either the experimental group (KGM group) or the control group for a three-month trial. All subjects followed personalized dietary and exercise regimens, with the KGM group additionally consuming 60 g of konjac-based dietary fiber biscuits daily to partially replace carbohydrates. This study aimed to examine the impact of KGM on fasting blood glucose, and to explore changes in 2-hour postprandial glucose, insulin-related indicators, and obesity-related parameters in the two groups of subjects. Results A total of 41 participants in the KGM group completed the trial, with a compliance rate of 77.36%. The control group had 38 completers, with a compliance rate of 77.55%. After three months of dietary and exercise intervention, the effective rate of fasting blood glucose control was 100% in the KGM group, significantly higher than the 82% observed in the control group. The KGM group also had higher effective rates in reducing fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, insulin resistance, insulin sensitivity, body mass, and waist circumference compared to the control group (P < 0.05). However, there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in body mass index, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose, 2-hour postprandial insulin, or effective control of pancreatic β-cell activity ( P > 0.05). During the trial, two participants in the KGM group experienced severe abdominal discomfort, which resolved after discontinuing the biscuits; two cases reported transient diarrhea, and one case reported increased anal flatulence. Conclusion KGM can effectively control fasting blood sugar and promotes weight loss, lowers blood sugar, and enhances insulin sensitivity in obese individuals with prediabetes.

关键词

魔芋葡甘聚糖 / 糖尿病前期 / 肥胖

Key words

Konjac glucomannan / Prediabetes / Obesity

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