基于网络药理学与体外实验探究黄伞总黄酮抗阿尔茨海默病作用机制
贺晓婵 , 张紫莹 , 韩颜欣 , 欧兴坤 , 闫龙 , 岳昌武 , 吕玉红
延安大学学报(医学科学版) ›› 2025, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (4) : 7 -15.
基于网络药理学与体外实验探究黄伞总黄酮抗阿尔茨海默病作用机制
Mechanism exploration of Pholiota adiposa total flavonoids against Alzheimer's disease based on network pharmacology and in vitro experiments
目的 探究真菌黄伞(Pholiota adiposa)总黄酮通过线粒体途径干预阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer's disease,AD)的潜在机制。 方法 运用代谢组学分析黄伞中的总黄酮活性成分;多种数据库筛选黄伞总黄酮与AD的交集靶点,构建蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用网络以确定核心靶点,开展京都基因与基因组百科全书(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes,KEGG)通路富集;采用分子对接技术验证活性成分与核心靶点的结合能力;体外实验检测总黄酮的抗氧化效能以及羟自由基清除能力,评估总黄酮对小鼠小胶质细胞增殖能力的影响,通过实时荧光定量PCR法检测M1型小胶质细胞标志物诱导型一氧化氮合酶(inducible nitric oxide synthase,INOS)和分化簇86分子(cluster of differentiation 86,CD86)的mRNA表达情况。 结果 鉴定出黄伞含有19种总黄酮活性成分,筛选得到总黄酮活性成分与AD共149个交集靶点,确定核因子κB亚基1(nuclear factor kappa B Subunit 1,NFKB1)、AKT丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶1(AKT serine/threonine kinase 1,AKT1)等10个核心靶点,主要富集于线粒体功能相关信号通路。分子对接显示淫羊藿苷等成分与核心靶点结合良好。体外实验表明,黄伞总黄酮在不同浓度梯度下分别表现出总抗氧化能力和羟自由基清除能力的剂量依赖性增强(P<0.001),黄伞总黄酮能促进BV2细胞增殖并下调Aβ25-35诱导的BV2细胞中INOS和CD86的表达(P<0.001)。 结论 黄伞总黄酮可通过多靶点和多通路机制,特别是线粒体途径干预AD,发挥神经保护作用。
Objective To explore the potential mechanism by which total flavonoids from the fungus Pholiota adiposa interfere with Alzheimer's disease (AD) through the mitochondrial pathway. Methods Metabolomics was used to analyze the active components of total flavonoids in Pholiota adiposa; multiple databases were employed to screen the common targets of Pholiota adiposa total flavonoids and AD, a protein-protein interaction network was constructed to identify core targets, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis was conducted; molecular docking technology was used to verify the binding ability between active components and core targets; in vitro experiments were performed to detect the antioxidant capacity and hydroxyl radical scavenging ability of total flavonoids, evaluate the effect of total flavonoids on the proliferation of mouse microglia, and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to detect the mRNA expression levels of M1-type microglia markers, including Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (INOS) and Cluster of Differentiation 86 (CD86). Results Nineteen active components of total flavonoids were identified in Pholiota adiposa; a total of 149 common targets between total flavonoid active components and AD were screened out, and 10 core targets including Nuclear Factor Kappa B Subunit 1 (NFKB1) and AKT Serine/Threonine Kinase 1 (AKT1) were identified, which were mainly enriched in signaling pathways related to mitochondrial function.Molecular docking showed that components such as icariin had good binding ability to core targets.In vitro experiments showed that Pholiota adiposa total flavonoids exhibited a dose-dependent increase in total antioxidant capacity and hydroxyl radical scavenging ability under different concentration gradients (P<0.001); moreover, Pholiota adiposa total flavonoids could promote the proliferation of BV2 cells and downregulate the expression of INOS and CD86 in BV2 cells induced by Aβ25-35 (P<0.001). Conclusion Total flavonoids from Pholiota adiposa can interfere with AD through a multi-target and multi-pathway mechanism, especially the mitochondrial pathway, thereby exerting a neuroprotective effect.
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贵州茅台医院科研与人才培养基金项目(MTyk2022-25)
学生创新创业计划项目(D2024048)
陕西省自然科学计划(2024JC-YBMS-755)
延安市科技计划(2024-SFGG-201)
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