内镜黏膜下剥离术联合超声内镜在食管早期癌诊断和治疗中的应用
刘文娜 , 宁涛 , 张小振 , 张彩霞 , 张正行
延安大学学报(医学科学版) ›› 2026, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (1) : 52 -57.
内镜黏膜下剥离术联合超声内镜在食管早期癌诊断和治疗中的应用
Application of endoscopic submucosal dissection combined with endoscopic ultrasonography in the diagnosis and treatment of early esophageal cancer
目的 探讨内镜黏膜下剥离术(endoscopic submucosal dissection,ESD)联合超声内镜(endoscopic ultrasonography,EUS)在食管早期癌诊断和治疗中的应用价值。 方法 选取2018年12月至2024年10月于焦作市第二人民医院内镜室行ESD治疗的食管早期癌(包含癌前病变)患者资料72例,根据患者是否选择EUS分组,将30例直接行ESD治疗,作为对照组,另42例行EUS检查后,再行ESD治疗,作为观察组。对EUS诊断效果进行分析,同时比较两组患者治疗效果、术中不良事件及并发症发生情况。 结果 以病理学检查结果为金标准,EUS检查对食管早期癌浸润深度诊断的总体准确率为90.48%。EUS判断病变深度与术后病理学检查结果相比一致性较好,Kappa值为0.792(P<0.01)。观察组整块切除率、R0切除率分别为100.00%、97.62%均高于对照组83.33%、80.00%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组非治愈性切除率2.38%低于对照组20.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组手术时间为(32.86±4.83)min低于对照组(44.53±6.78)min,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组住院时间为(7.12±1.55)d低于对照组(8.07±1.57)d,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组术中出血、术中穿孔及术后狭窄并发症发生率分别为4.76%、0.00%、2.38%均低于对照组23.33%、16.67%、20.00%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察6~60个月,两组患者术后没有复发、转移及死亡等情况。 结论 联合应用ESD和EUS技术,不仅可以对病变的浸润深度作出精准评估,提高食管早期癌的确诊率,为后续选择治疗方案提供比较可靠的参考价值,而且可以提高治愈性切除病变,是一种安全有效的微创治疗方法。
Objective To investigate the application value of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) combined with endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) in the diagnosis and treatment of early esophageal cancer. Methods The clinical data of 72 patients with early esophageal cancer (including precancerous lesions) who underwent ESD at the gastroscopy room of the Second People's Hospital of Jiaozuo from December 2018 to October 2024 were selected. According to whether EUS was chosen, 30 patients who directly underwent ESD treatment were divided into the control group, and 42 patients who underwent EUS examination and then underwent ESD treatment were divided into the observation group. The diagnostic efficacy of EUS was analyzed, and the therapeutic effects, intraoperative adverse events and complication occurrences of the two groups of patients were compared simultaneously. Results Taking the pathological examination results as the gold standard, the overall accuracy of EUS in diagnosing the invasion depth of early esophageal cancer was 90.48%. The consistency between the depth of lesion judged by EUS and the postoperative pathological examination results was good, with a Kappa value of 0.792 (P<0.01). The rates of complete resection and R0 resection in the observation group were 100.00% and 97.62%, respectively, which were higher than those in the control group (83.33%, 80.00%), and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The non-curative resection rate in the observation group was 2.38%, which was lower than 20.00% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The operation time in the observation group was (32.86±4.83) min, which was shorter than that in the control group (44.53±6.78) min, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The length of hospital stay in the observation group was (7.12±1.55) d, which was shorter than that in the control group (8.07±1.57) d, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The incidence rates of intraoperative bleeding, intraoperative perforation, and postoperative stricture complications in the observation group were 4.76%, 0.00%, and 2.38%, respectively, which were lower than those in the control group (23.33%, 16.67%, 20.00%), and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Observe from 6 to 60 months, There were no recurrence, metastasis, or death occurred in either group after surgery. Conclusion The combined application of ESD and EUS techniques not only enables an accurate assessment of the depth of lesion infiltration, enhancing the diagnosis rate of early esophageal cancer and providing a relatively reliable reference for subsequent treatment plan selection, but also improves the curative resection of lesions. It is a safe and effective minimally invasive treatment method.
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2023年度河南省医学科技攻关计划联合共建项目(LHGJ20230903)
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