基于MRI脑分割的2型糖尿病脑体积研究
淡莉 , 秦江彦 , 赵琳 , 钱胜淏 , 邱月 , 施彩珍 , 王冰冰
延安大学学报(医学科学版) ›› 2026, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (2) : 35 -41.
基于MRI脑分割的2型糖尿病脑体积研究
A study of brain volume based on MRI segmentation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
目的 应用MRI脑分割人工智能的影像工具“U-AI”对脑体积进行定量分析,探讨2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus, T2DM)患者脑区萎缩程度的差异,进一步对全脑灰质、全脑白质影响因素进行分析。 方法 收集延安大学附属医院2021年1月至2024年12月确诊的178例T2DM患者,并根据是否合并糖尿病周围神经病变(diabetic peripheral neuropathy, DPN)分为2型糖尿病合并周围神经病变(T2DM DPN)组(117例)和2型糖尿病非合并周围神经病变(T2DM NDPN)组(61例),同时纳入2021年1月至2024年12月延安大学附属医院体检中心行健康体检并与T2DM组年龄、性别匹配的72名健康体检者作为对照组。收集所有患者的一般临床资料及影像数据。使用AI软件自动测量所有患者的脑体积,得到不同脑区体积的定量数据。评估T2DM DPN组、T2DM NDPN组和对照组不同脑区间相对体积差异的显著性。使用逐步回归,将全脑灰质、白质分别作为因变量进行影响因素的检验。 结果 T2DM DPN组、T2DM NDPN组和对照组部分脑区相对体积发生变化,组间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。性别(男性)、身体质量指数(body mass index, BMI)对全脑灰质相对体积的变化产生正向影响,年龄、糖尿病病程(年)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、饮酒史会对全脑灰质相对体积产生显著的负向影响。高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、BMI对全脑白质相对体积的变化产生正向影响,年龄会对全脑白质相对体积产生显著的负向影响。 结论 糖尿病及其合并周围神经病变可能与特定脑结构改变相关。年龄、性别(男性)、BMI、糖尿病病程(年)、LDL-C、饮酒史与全脑灰质相对体积的变化有关,年龄、HDL-C、BMI与全脑白质相对体积的变化有关。
Objective To quantitatively assess brain volumetric alterations using the MRI-based artificial intelligence (AI) segmentation tool “U-AI”, and to compare regional brain atrophy among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Additionally, we aimed to identify clinical and metabolic factors associated with whole-brain gray matter and white matter volumes. Methods A total of 178 patients with T2DM diagnosed at the Yan'an University Affiliated Hospital between January 2021 and December 2024 were enrolled and divided into the T2DM diabetic peripheral neuropathy (T2DM DPN) group (n=117) and the T2DM NDPN group (n=61) based on the presence or absence of DPN. Concurrently, 72 age- and sex-matched healthy individuals undergoing routine health examinations at the same institutions during the same period served as controls. Clinical data and structural MRI scans were collected from all participants. Regional brain volumes were automatically segmented and quantified using the AI-powered "U-AI" tool. Differences in relative regional brain volumes across the three groups were evaluated for statistical significance. Stepwise linear regression analyses were performed with relative whole-brain gray matter and white matter volumes as dependent variables to identify associated factors. Results The relative volumes of certain brain regions significantly differed (P<0.05) among the T2DM DPN, T2DM NDPN, and control groups. Stepwise regression revealed that male sex and higher body mass index (BMI) were positively associated with relative whole-brain gray matter volume, whereas older age, longer diabetes duration, elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and a history of alcohol consumption were negatively associated. For white matter, higher BMI and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) showed positive associations, while older age was negatively associated with relative volume. Conclusion Diabetes mellitus and its associated peripheral neuropathy may be linked to specific structural changes within the brain. Whole-brain gray matter volume is influenced by age, sex (male), BMI, diabetes duration, LDL-C, and alcohol use, while whole-brain white matter volume is associated with age, BMI, and HDL-C levels.
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国家自然科学基金资助项目(81641048)
陕西省科技厅项目(2025SF-YBXM-014)
延安大学自然科学项目(2023JBZR-011)
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