土地利用变化视角下皖江城市带景观生态风险演变 及驱动机制分析
赵冰雪 , 盛德龙 , 陆佳佳 , 陈德苗 , 汪潇潇
安徽农业大学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (3) : 523 -532.
土地利用变化视角下皖江城市带景观生态风险演变 及驱动机制分析
Analysis of landscape ecological risk evolution and driving mechanisms in the Wanjiang City Belt from the perspective of land use change
【目的】本研究旨在深入探究区域经济快速发展对土地利用景观格局及其生态风险变化的影响。【方法】以皖江城市带为研究区,基于地表覆盖数据、DEM(digital elevation models)、气象和社会统计数据,综合运用景观格局指数、生态风险指数模型、空间自相关分析和地理探测器等方法,开展土地利用变化引发的景观格局及生态风险演变研究。【结果】(1)2010—2023年研究区建设用地面积显著增加,净增长1 235.86 km2,主要来源于耕地和林地;(2)2010—2023年皖江城市带生态风险等级以低风险和中低风险为主,合计占比70%;生态风险总体呈先上升后下降趋势,不同地类生态风险分布差异显著,高风险区主要集中于水体,沿长江两岸分布且呈扩张态势;(3)不同时期土地利用景观格局对生态风险变化的影响存在差异,总体上气象条件和地形因素为主要驱动因子。【结论】皖江城市带生态保护应重点关注土地利用类型转变,未来需加强对沿江两岸及巢湖流域等关键生态区域的保护,严格管控建设用地扩张,在统筹生态保护与区域可持续发展的基础上,优化城市发展规划布局。
[Objective] This study aimed to investigate changes in land use landscape patterns and associated ecological risks driven by rapid regional economic development. [Method] Taking the Wanjiang City Belt as the research area, this study integrated land cover data, digital elevation models (DEMs), meteorological data, and socioeconomic statistics. Landscape pattern indices, an ecological risk index model, spatial autocorrelation analysis, and geodetector methods were jointly applied to analyze landscape pattern dynamics and ecological risk changes induced by land use transitions. [Result] (1) Built-up land area in the study region increased substantially from 2010 to 2023, with a net gain of 1 235.86 km2, primarily at the expense of cropland and forestland; (2) Ecological risk levels in the Wanjiang City Belt were predominantly low and moderately low, collectively accounting for 70% of the total area. Overall, ecological risk initially increased and subsequently decreased. Risk distribution varied markedly among land cover types, with high-risk areas mainly associated with water bodies along both banks of the Yangtze River, exhibiting an expanding trend; (3) The influence of land use landscape patterns on ecological risk varied across periods, with meteorological conditions and topographic factors identified as the primary drivers overall. [Conclusion] Ecological protection in the Wanjiang City Belt should prioritize regulating land use conversions. Future efforts should focus on key ecological zones, particularly areas flanking the Yangtze River and surrounding Chaohu Lake, strengthen controls on built-up land expansion, optimize urban development planning, and balance ecological conservation with regional sustainable development.
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国家自然科学基金项目(42571469)
安徽省高校自然科学研究重点项目(2025AHGXZK30214)
安徽省高校自然科学研究重点项目(2024AH051374)
池州学院引进博士科研项目(CZ2022YJRC06)
安徽省大学生创新训练项目(S202511306134)
安徽省大学生创新训练项目(S202411306207)
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