组学技术在园艺植物呈色研究中的应用

Application of omics technologies in the study of coloration in horticultural plants

摘要

【意义】园艺植物的呈色特性是决定其观赏价值与经济价值的核心因素，该过程并非单一因素作用的结果，而是受到遗传调控、代谢网络及环境信号等多方面因素协同影响。深入解析其呈色机制，对提升园艺植物价值具有重要的基础作用。【进展】传统研究方法在探究呈色分子机制时，难以突破维度局限，而基因组学、转录组学、代谢组学、蛋白质组学及表观遗传组学等组学技术的快速发展，可从不同生物学层面为揭示呈色规律提供全新路径。特别是多组学的联合分析打破了单一组学的研究边界，能够系统且全面地解析呈色调控网络，推动研究向深度和广度拓展。【展望】未来，随着单细胞组学、空间转录组学与人工智能技术的深度融合，多组学技术将引领园艺植物呈色的研究迈入新的发展阶段，不仅能深化对呈色机制的认知，更将为精准育种实践与园艺产业高质量发展提供强有力的技术支撑。

Abstract

[Significance] The coloration traits of horticultural plants are pivotal determinants of their ornamental and economic value. This process is not governed by a single factor but arises from the coordinated interplay of genetic regulation, metabolic networks, and environmental signals. Thus, a thorough elucidation of these coloration mechanisms is fundamental for enhancing the value of horticultural plants. [Progress] Conventional research approaches have often been limited in dimensionality when investigating the molecular basis of coloration. The rapid advancement of omics technologies, encompassing genomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, proteomics, and epigenomics, has now opened novel avenues for deciphering coloration principles across multiple biological layers. Notably, integrated multi-omics analysis transcends the boundaries of single-omics studies, enabling a systematic and comprehensive dissection of the coloration regulatory network, thereby driving research forward in both depth and breadth. [Prospect] Looking ahead, the deep integration of single-cell omics, spatial transcriptomics, and artificial intelligence with multi-omics frameworks is poised to usher research on horticultural plant coloration into a new era. This convergence will not only deepen our mechanistic understanding but also provide robust technological support for precision breeding practices and the high-quality advancement of the horticultural industry.

关键词

园艺植物 / 呈色机制 / 组学技术 / 调控网络

Key words

horticultural plants / coloration mechanism / omics technology / regulatory network

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基金资助

江苏省基础研究计划项目(BK20251915)

国家自然科学基金项目(32471935)

云南省科技人才与平台计划- 云南省张启翔专家工作站(202405AF140078)