马铃薯疮痂病抗病种质资源评价筛选

Evaluation and Screening of Germplasm Resources Resistant to Potato Common Scab

摘要

马铃薯疮痂病（Streptomyces scabies）近年在中国北方一作区、西南混作区、中原二季作区普遍发生，选育抗病品种是最有效、经济的防治方法。试验筛选对疮痂病具有抗性的马铃薯品种（系）材料。2022年利用自然病圃法对31个马铃薯品种（系）材料的疮痂病抗性进行评价鉴定并测定产量，2023年对筛选出的12份材料重复鉴定。2022年参试的31份品种（系）材料中，‘希森5号’‘Z496’‘Z740’‘Z759’‘Z760’‘Z812’‘Z917’‘Z962’‘Z1148’‘Z1152’‘Z1356’11份品种（系）材料具有疮痂病抗性，产量表现优异。2023年进一步测试鉴定结果表明，‘Z962’连续两年抗性鉴定结果为抗病材料（R），产量与当地主栽品种‘尤金’无显著差异；‘Z1148’‘Z1152’‘Z1356’‘Z740’‘Z760’‘Z917’产量高于对照品种，但仅‘Z740’产量与对照差异显著，对马铃薯疮痂病具有中等抗性（MR）。‘希森5号’和‘Z496’对疮痂病具有较强抗性，可作为杂交亲本材料进行疮痂病抗病育种创制杂交组合。研究筛选评价了31份马铃薯材料疮痂病抗性，为疮痂病抗病育种和病害防控提供基础材料。

Abstract

Potato common scab (Streptomyces scabies) is a widespread disease and highly prevalent in recent years in the one cropping zone of northern China, the mixed cropping zone of southwestern China, and the two cropping zone of the Central Plains. The selection and breeding of potato common scab-resistant varieties is the most effective and economical method. The common scab resistance and the yield were evaluated for 31 potato varieties (lines) in 2022 by natural disease nursery method. In 2023, the 12 potato varieties (lines) identified in previous year were repeatedly evaluated. Among the 31 varieties (lines) tested in 2022, 11 potato varieties (lines), including 'Xisen 5', 'Z496', 'Z740', 'Z759', 'Z760', 'Z812', 'Z917', 'Z962', 'Z1148', 'Z1152' and 'Z1356', were resistant and their yields performed well. The repeated test results in 2023 showed that the 'Z962' was resistant to common scab (R) for two years, and there was no significant difference in yield compared with the local main variety 'Youjin'. The yields of 'Z1148', 'Z1152', 'Z1356', 'Z740', 'Z760' and 'Z917' were higher than those of the local main variety, but only the yield of 'Z740' was significantly different from the control, and was moderately resistant (MR) to common scab. 'Xisen 5' and 'Z496' were highly resistant to common scab and could be used as parent materials to create hybrid combinations for common scab resistance breeding. In this study, 31 potato materials were evaluated and screened for common scab resistance, which would provide basic materials for common scab resistance breeding, disease prevention and control.

关键词

马铃薯 / 品种（系） / 疮痂病 / 抗性评价 / 种质资源筛选

Key words

potato / variety (line) / common scab / resistance evaluation / germplasm resource screening

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基金资助

山东省重大专项（重大科技创新工程）(2022CXGC01060)

山东省重大专项（农业良种工程）(2022LZGC017)