两株植物促生细菌的分离鉴定及对马铃薯的促生效果评价

Isolation and Identification of Two Plant Growth-promoting Bacteria and Evaluation of Their Growth-promoting Effects on Potatoes

摘要

根际促生菌的应用是农业“减肥、减药”的有效措施。为筛选更多根际促生菌资源，以陕西省韩城市铁矿厂土样为试验材料，采用逐级稀释法、促生筛选培养基和马铃薯盆栽试验筛选有促生效果的菌株，获得了两株植物根际促生菌，并研究其促生效果及对pH和盐的耐受性。从铁矿厂分离筛选到2株具有良好促生作用的菌株HC6-7和HC6-11，均具有络合铁和产IAA能力，其中菌株HC6-7可产生11.59 mg/L的IAA，菌株HC6-11具有固氮和解磷能力；2株菌最适生长pH为7~9，均可在浓度为5%NaCl及以下培养基中生长。马铃薯盆栽结果显示，经菌液处理后，处理组生物量均高于对照组；形态学和分子生物学方法鉴定菌株HC6-7为内生芽孢杆菌（Priestia endophytica），HC6-11为阿塔卡马假单胞菌（Pseudomonas atacamensis）。内生芽孢杆菌（P. endophytica HC6-7）和阿塔卡马假单胞菌（P. atacamensis HC6-11）对马铃薯具有促生能力，该结果将为植物促生菌肥研制提供微生物资源。

Abstract

The application of plant growth-promoting bacteria is an effective method for reducing the need for pesticides and fertilizers. To isolate additional resources of plant growth-promoting bacteria, soil samples were collected from the Hancheng Iron Ore site in Shaanxi Province for this research. The serial dilution method, in vitro cultivation on growth-promoting screening medium, and in vivo screening on potato plants were employed to select the growth-promoting strains. Two strains were identified, and their tolerance to pH and salt concentration was studied. The two strains, HC6-7 and HC6-11, exhibiting significant growth-promoting effects, were isolated from the iron mine. Both strains demonstrated the ability to produce siderophores and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), with HC6-7 producing IAA at a concentration of 11.59 mg/L. Additionally, strain HC6-11 exhibited capabilities for nitrogen fixation and phosphorus solubilization. The optimal pH for both strains ranged from 7 to 9, and both strains were able to grow in media containing 5% or less NaCl. Pot experiments with potato plants revealed that the biomass of potatoes treated with the bacterial solution was greater than that of the control group. The strain HC6-7 was identified as Priestia endophytica, while HC6-11 was identified as Pseudomonas atacamensis through morphological and molecular biology methods. In conclusion, P. endophytica HC6-7 and P. atacamensis HC6-11 have the potential to promote potato growth, and these findings would provide valuable microbial resources for the development of plant growth-promoting bacterial fertilizer.

关键词

马铃薯 / 促生菌 / 内生芽孢杆菌 / 阿塔卡马假单胞菌

Key words

potato / growth-promoting bacterium / Priestia endophytica / Pseudomonas atacamensis

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基金资助

鄂尔多斯市重点研发计划项目(YF20240042)

内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2021GG0112)

内蒙古自治区高等学校科学技术研究项目(NJZY21458)