生防细菌LZ327L对马铃薯疮痂病的生防潜力

Biocontrol Potential of Bacteria LZ327L for Potato Common Scab

摘要

近年来，由致病性链霉菌（Streptomyces spp.）引起的马铃薯疮痂病呈逐年加重趋势，严重威胁马铃薯产业可持续发展，筛选高效拮抗菌成为病害绿色防控的关键。从马铃薯品种‘东农310’块茎内分离获得一株对疮痂链霉菌（Streptomyces scabies）具有显著抑制作用的生防细菌LZ327L。经形态学观察、生理生化特性分析及16S rDNA分子鉴定，确定该菌株为多黏类芽孢杆菌（Paenibacillus polymyxa）。平板抑菌试验显示，LZ327L对疮痂链霉菌的抑菌圈直径达（50.2±2.2）mm。促生功能测定表明，该菌株可分泌铁载体，发酵液中吲哚乙酸（Indole-3-acetic acid，IAA）含量为（13.68±2.34）mg/L。盆栽防效试验证实，LZ327L菌液处理使马铃薯疮痂病发病率从88.42%降至53.59%，防效达到63.73%，并显著提升块茎中多酚氧化酶（Polyphenol oxidase，PPO）、过氧化物酶（Peroxidase，POD）和超氧化物歧化酶（Superoxide dismutase，SOD）活性。综上表明，多黏类芽孢杆菌LZ327L在马铃薯疮痂病生物防治中具有良好应用潜力。

Abstract

In recent years, the annual incidence of potato common scab caused by the pathogenic Streptomyces spp. has been increasing, posing a significant threat to the sustainable development of the potato industry. Screening for highly effective antagonistic bacteria is crucial for the green control of this disease. An antagonistic bacterium, LZ327L, was isolated from the tubers of the potato variety 'Dongnong 310', which exhibited significant inhibitory effects on Streptomyces scabies. Morphological observation, physiological and biochemical characteristic analysis, and 16S rDNA molecular identification were performed to confirm that this strain belongs to Paenibacillus polymyxa. The plate inhibition test showed that the diameter of the inhibition zone of LZ327L against S. scabies was (50.2 ± 2.2) mm. Probiotic function tests indicated that the strain secreted siderophores, with the indole acetic acid (IAA) content in the fermentation broth measured as (13.68 ± 2.34) mg/L. Pot trial results confirmed that the treatment with the LZ327L bacterial solution reduced the incidence of potato common scab from 88.42% to 53.59%, achieving a control efficiency of 63.73%. Additionally, significant increases in the activities of polyphenol oxidase (PPO), peroxidase (POD), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the tubers were observed. Taken together, P. polymyxa LZ327L exhibits good application potential in the biological control of potato common scab.

关键词

马铃薯 / 疮痂病 / 疮痂链霉菌 / 多黏类芽孢杆菌 / 生物防治

Key words

potato / scab / Streptomyces scabies / Paenibacillus polymyxa / biological control

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基金资助

国家马铃薯产业技术体系(CARS-09)