叶面肥施加对马铃薯农艺性状及品质的影响

Effects of Foliar Fertilizer Application on Agronomic Traits and Quality of Potato

摘要

为探讨不同叶面肥组合对马铃薯（‘希森6号’）农艺性状与品质的影响，在施加常规底肥（CF，包括有机肥250 kg/hm²+N、P、K复合肥500 kg/hm²）的基础上，喷施3种叶面肥：PFS1（耐盐解磷菌-Pseudomonas adaceae，10⁸ CFU/mL）、PFS2（PFS1+壳聚糖1.7 g/L）和PFS3（PFS2+大量元素水溶肥1.5 g/L）。与CF处理相比，PFS1处理对马铃薯的各个指标未表现出显著的影响。PFS2处理可显著提高马铃薯块茎中的淀粉含量（22.3%）和可溶性蛋白质含量（66.1%）。PFS3处理在农艺性状和品质指标上未表现出比PFS2更明显的优势。因此，耐盐解磷菌+壳聚糖（PFS2）是提高马铃薯‘希森6号’产量和改善品质的推荐叶面施肥组合。

Abstract

Three types of foliar fertilizers, including PFS1 (salt-tolerant phosphate-solubilizing bacterium-Pseudomonas adaceae, 10⁸ CFU/mL), PFS2 (PFS1+chitosan 1.7 g/L), and PFS3 (PFS2+water-soluble macroelement fertilizer 1.5 g/L), on the basis of applying conventional base fertilizer (CF, including organic fertilizer 250 kg/ha+NPK compound fertilizer 500 kg/ha), were sprayed to investigate the effects of different foliar fertilizer combinations on agronomic traits and quality of potatoes ('Xisen 6'). Compared to the CF treatment, the PFS1 treatment did not significantly affect any potato indicators. However, the PFS2 treatment significantly increased starch content (22.3%) and soluble protein content (66.1%) in potato tubers. The PFS3 treatment did not demonstrate more pronounced advantages than PFS2 in agronomic traits or quality indicators. Therefore, the combination of salt-tolerant phosphate-solubilizing bacterium + chitosan (PFS2) is recommended as a foliar fertilizer regimen to enhance yield and improve quality in 'Xisen 6'.

关键词

马铃薯 / 叶面肥 / 农艺性状 / 品质

Key words

potato / foliar fertilizer / agronomic trait / quality

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基金资助

自治区重点研发计划（厅厅联动）项目(2022B02044-2-3)