云南省冬作马铃薯品种（系）展示评价

Evaluation of Winter Potato Varieties (Lines) in Yunnan Province

摘要

冬作马铃薯产业是云南省高原特色农业马铃薯产业的重要组成部分。为进一步掌握通过云南省登记或准备登记的马铃薯品种情况，2024—2025年度征集60个品种（系）在云南省德宏州盈江县进行种植展示，评价其丰产性、商品性、生育期重要性状。经现场评价，推介出冬作马铃薯优良品种12个。鲜食品种9个，为‘宣薯9号’ ‘云薯115’ ‘云薯116’ ‘云薯509’ ‘云薯510’ ‘滇薯23’ ‘滇薯1428’ ‘滇薯14023’ ‘会薯26号’，这些品种块茎整齐、产量高，其中‘云薯509’产量达4 552 kg/667m²，‘云薯116’ ‘滇薯23’大中薯率超94%，推广价值高。特色品种2个，为‘丽薯17号’和‘宣薯紫1号’，肉色紫色，契合“营养化、特色化”需求。薯片加工型品种1个，为‘滇薯1208’，块茎均匀，适配加工企业。该结果为优化品种结构、推动云南省冬作马铃薯产业健康发展提供科学支撑。

Abstract

Winter potato is a vital component of the plateau characteristic agricultural potato industry in Yunnan Province. To clarify the status of potato varieties registered or to be registered in Yunnan Province, 60 varieties (lines) were collected for planting demonstration in Yingjiang County, Dehong Prefecture, Yunnan Province during 2024—2025. Key traits including yield performance, marketability, and growth period were evaluated, leading to the recommendation of 12 excellent winter potato varieties. Among them, nine varieties were table varieties, i.e. 'Xuanshu 9', 'Yunshu 115', 'Yunshu 116', 'Yunshu 509', 'Yunshu 510', 'Dianshu 23', 'Dianshu 1428', 'Dianshu 14023', and 'Huishu 26'. These varieties feature regular tubers and high yields, with 'Yunshu 509' achieving a yield of 4 552 kg/667m², and 'Yunshu 116' and 'Dianshu 23' boasting a medium-to-large tuber rate over 94%, thus holding high promotion value. Two varieties were specialty varieties, i.e. 'Lishu 17' and 'Xuanshuzi 1', characterized by purple flesh and meeting the demand for "nutritional and specialized" agricultural products. One variety was a chip-processing variety, i.e. 'Dianshu 1208', with uniform tubers suitable for processing enterprises. The results provide scientific support for optimizing the variety structure and advancing the healthy development of Yunnan's winter potato industry.

关键词

马铃薯 / 品种 / 展示 / 评价

Key words

potato / variety / demonstration / evaluation

参考文献

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基金资助

科技人才与平台计划技术创新人才培养对象项目(202305AD160014)

国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-09-ES28)

云南省现代农业产业技术体系

云南省重点研发计划(202102AE090019)