高淀粉马铃薯新品种‘克新46’的选育

Breeding of High Starch Potato Variety 'Kexin 46'

摘要

‘克新46’是黑龙江省农业科学院克山分院以‘克新30号’为母本，‘克新27号’为父本，通过有性杂交选育而成的高淀粉马铃薯新品种。2025年通过农业农村部非主要农作物品种登记，登记编号GPD马铃薯（2025）230011。该品种生育期107 d，株型半直立，株高54.11 cm，分枝中等，茎粗壮、绿色，茎翼微波型，花冠紫色，花冠近五边形。大中薯率89.21%，块茎短卵圆形，黄皮乳白色肉，表皮略麻，芽眼深度中等。耐贮藏性强，食味优。其淀粉含量为18.6%，达到高淀粉标准。干物质、蛋白质、还原糖含量分别为24.0%、1.88%、0.25%，维生素C含量27.42 mg/100 g。‘克新46’抗马铃薯X病毒（Potato virus X，PVX），中抗卷叶病毒（Potato leafroll virus，PLRV），中抗马铃薯晚疫病。在2022—2023年区域试验中平均产量为2 814 kg/667m²，比对照‘东农310’平均增产44.0%。‘克新46’适宜在黑龙江省各生态区种植。

Abstract

'Kexin 46' is a high starch potato variety developed through sexual hybridization at the Keshan Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, using 'Kexin 30' as the female parent and 'Kexin 27' as the male parent. In 2025, 'Kexin 46' was registered as a non-main-crop potato variety in the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, with the number GPD Potato (2025) 230011. This variety has a growth period of 107 days and a semi upright plant shape, a plant height of 54.11 cm, with moderate branching, thick and green stems, microwave-shaped stem wings, purple corollas, and nearly pentagonal corolla. It has a large- and medium-sized tuber percentage of 89.21%, with short oval shaped tubers, yellow skin and creamy flesh, slightly rough skin, and medium eye depth. It had strong storability and excellent taste. Its starch content is 18.6%, which meets the high starch standard. The dry matter, protein, and reducing sugar contents are 24.0%, 1.88% and 0.25%, respectively; the vitamin C content is 27.42 mg/100 g. 'Kexin 46' is resistant to potato virus X (PVX), moderately resistant to potato leafroll virus (PLRV) and potato late blight. From 2022 to 2023, the average yield of 'Kexin 46' in the regional trial was 2 814 kg/667m², which was 44.0% higher than that of the control 'Dongnong 310'. It is suitable for planting in various ecological areas of Heilongjiang Province.

关键词

高淀粉 / 马铃薯 / 新品种 / 产量 / 品质

Key words

high starch / potato / new variety / yield / quality

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基金资助

国家马铃薯产业技术体系齐齐哈尔综合试验站(CARS-09-ES37)

黑龙江省“揭榜挂帅”科技攻关项目(2022ZXJ06B02-02a)

黑龙江省“揭榜挂帅”科技攻关项目(2022ZXJ06B01-03)

黑龙江省农业科技创新跨越工程项目(CX23GG02)

黑龙江省农业科技创新跨越工程项目(CX23YQ12)

黑龙江省农业科技创新跨越工程农业科技基础创新优青项目(CX22YQ30)

黑龙江省省属科研院所科研业务费项目(CZKYF2024-1-C003)

齐齐哈尔市科技计划联合引导项目(LNYGG-2024005)