12个马铃薯杂交组合的杂种优势分析

白磊; 赵宇霞; 王琼; 李俊; 杨芳; 郭华春

doi:10.19918/j.cnki.1672-3635.2025.05.004

中国马铃薯 ›› 2025, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (5) : 351 -355. DOI: 10.19918/j.cnki.1672-3635.2025.05.004

遗传育种

12个马铃薯杂交组合的杂种优势分析

白磊 ¹ ,
赵宇霞 ² ,
王琼 ¹ ,
李俊 ¹ ,
杨芳 ¹ ,
郭华春 ¹^,^*

作者信息 +

Analysis of Heterosis in 12 Potato Cross Combinations

Lei BAI ¹ ,
Yuxia ZHAO ² ,
Qiong WANG ¹ ,
Jun LI ¹ ,
Fang YANG ¹ ,
Huachun GUO ¹^,^*

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文章历史 +

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摘要

以CIP-109等13个品种（系）为亲本，对组配的12个杂交组合无性一代的8个性状进行了杂种优势分析。8个性状均具有一定程度的杂种优势，超中亲优势的排列顺序为：株高>平均块茎重>单株产量>商品薯重>单株结薯数>商品薯个数>商品薯率>主茎数；超标优势的排列顺序为：平均块茎重>商品薯重>商品薯率>单株产量>商品薯个数>株高>单株结薯数>主茎数；超高亲优势的排列顺序为：株高>单株产量>平均块茎重>单株结薯数>商品薯率>商品薯个数>商品薯重>主茎数。综合超高亲优势、中亲优势、超标优势和F₁晚疫病抗性确定了组合A5×A13（L0527-4×西海35）、A6×A13（1002-1×西海35）、A8×A13（云薯103×西海35）、A10×A13（109-1×西海35）为优良抗晚疫病组合，且具有较强的杂种优势。因此，可通过扩大这几个组合的群体数量，筛选出优良株系。

Abstract

In this study, 13 varieties (lines) including 'CIP-109' were employed as parents to assess heterosis across eight traits in the clonal F₁ generation of 12 cross combinations. All eight traits demonstrated varying degrees of heterosis. The ranking of traits based on heterosis over mid-parent was as follows: plant height > tuber weight > yield per plant > marketable tuber yield > number of tubers per plant > number of marketable tubers > marketable tuber percentage > number of main stems. For heterosis over standard, the order was: tuber weight > marketable tuber yield > marketable tuber percentage > yield per plant > number of marketable tubers > plant height > number of tubers per plant > number of main stems. Regarding heterosis over high parent, the sequence was: plant height > yield per plant > tuber weight > number of tubers per plant > marketable tuber percentage > number of marketable tubers > marketable tuber yield > number of main stems. Based on comprehensive evaluation of high-parent, mid-parent, and standard heterosis, and F₁ potato late blight resistance, the combinations A5 × A13 (L0527-4 × Xihai 35), A6 × A13 (1002-1 × Xihai 35), A8 × A13 (Yunshu 103 × Xihai 35), and A10×A13 (109-1 × Xihai 35) were identified as superior ones with strong resistance to late blight and strong heterosis. Therefore, by expanding the population size of these combinations, excellent lines could be selected out.

关键词

马铃薯 / 杂交组合 / 杂种优势 / 产量性状 / 晚疫病抗性

Key words

potato / cross combination / heterosis / yield component / late bight resistance

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白磊,赵宇霞,王琼,李俊,杨芳,郭华春. 12个马铃薯杂交组合的杂种优势分析[J]. 中国马铃薯, 2025, 39(5): 351-355 DOI:10.19918/j.cnki.1672-3635.2025.05.004

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