施肥量和密度对马铃薯‘本薯12号’产量品质的影响

Effects of Different Fertilizer Application Rate and Planting Density on Yield and Quality of Potato Variety 'Benshu 12'

摘要

‘本薯12号’是本溪市马铃薯研究所自主选育的新品种，2024年通过国家非主要农作物品种登记，登记编号为GPD马铃薯（2024）210110。该试验目的是探究适宜的栽培密度及施肥量，以期实现该品种的高产潜力。采用双因素裂区试验设计，研究密度和施肥量两个因素对‘本薯12号’产量品质的影响，确定适宜的密度、施肥量组合。施肥量100 kg/667m²密度4 940株/667m²时株高最高，主茎数最多；施肥量100 kg/667m²密度5 558株/667m²时茎粗最粗；施肥量54 kg/667m²密度4 940株/667m²时商品薯率最高。施肥量100 kg/667m²密度4 940株/667m²时综合表现最好，产量最高，商品薯率较高；施肥量100 kg/667m²密度5 558株/667m²时茎秆粗壮，产量第三，品质最好。因此‘本薯12号’的适宜施肥量100 kg/667m²，密度在4 940株/667m²至5 558株/667m²为宜。

Abstract

The new potato variety 'Benshu 12' was selected and developed by the Benxi Potato Research Institute. It was certificated for the registration of non major crop varieties by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China in 2024, with the number GPD potato (2024) 210110. The purpose of this experiment was to explore the appropriate planting density and fertilizer application rate in order to achieve the high-yield potential of this variety. A two-factor split-plot experimental design was used to study the effects of planting density and fertilizer application rate on the yield and quality of 'Benshu 12', and to determine the optimal combination of planting density and fertilizer application rate. The plant height was the highest and the number of main stems per plant was the highest when the fertilizer application rate was 100 kg/667m² and the planting density was 4 940 plants/667m². The stem diameter was the thickest when the fertilizer application rate was 100 kg/667m² and the planting density was 5 558 plants/667m². The marketable tuber percentage was the highest when the fertilizer application rate was 54 kg/667m² and the planting density was 4 940 plants/667m². The combination of a fertilizer application rate of 100 kg/667m² and a planting density of 4 940 plants/667m² demonstrated the best performance, with the highest yield and a relatively high rate of marketable tubers. The combination of a fertilizer application rate of 100 kg/667m² and a density of 5 558 plants/667m² resulted in thick stems, ranked third in yield, and exhibited the best tuber quality. Therefore, for the 'Benshu 12' variety, the recommended fertilizer application rate is 100 kg/667m², and the planting density should be maintained between 4 940 and 5 558 plants/667m².

关键词

本薯12号 / 密度 / 施肥量 / 产量 / 品质

Key words

Benshu 12 / density / fertilizer application rate / yield / quality

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基金资助

现代农业产业技术体系专项资金资助(CARS-09)