人工回灌过程中溶菌酶在不同粒径含水介质中的迁移-沉积行为

Transport-deposition behavior of lysozyme in aquifer media with different particle sizes during managed aquifer recharge

摘要

微生物堵塞是制约人工回灌工程推广的重要瓶颈。溶菌酶可水解微生物胞外聚合物 (extracellular polymeric substances, EPS) 具有缓解堵塞的潜力, 其在含水介质中的迁移能力直接决定应用效果。本研究通过室内吸附与一维渗流试验, 探究了溶菌酶在不同粒径含水介质中的吸附特征及迁移-沉积行为, 揭示了介质粒径的影响机制。研究结果表明, 溶菌酶在石英砂表面的吸附符合准二级动力学模型, 以物理吸附为主, 吸附平衡时间为 120 min; 吸附量随粒径减小而增大, 粗砂、中砂、细砂最大吸附量分别为 23.25、31.25、34.48 μg/g。迁移行为方面, 溶菌酶穿透时间随粒径减小显著延长 (粗砂 80 min 穿透, 中砂 240 min 穿透, 细砂试验周期内未穿透), 沉积量随粒径减小而增加, 且主要富集于表层 (细砂表层达 163.05 μg/g)。溶菌酶的迁移会影响介质渗透性: 粗砂渗透性稳定, 中砂表层渗透性在初期波动明显, 细砂因大量沉积其渗透性持续下降, 试验结束时表层相对渗透系数降至 0.7 左右。研究结果可为人工回灌中溶菌酶防控微生物堵塞提供理论依据, 并为地下水资源的安全回灌与可持续开发利用提供技术支撑。

Abstract

Microbial clogging represents a critical bottleneck restricting the promotion of artificial recharge projects. Capable of hydrolyzing extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), lysozyme exhibits potential for mitigating such clogging and its migration capacity in aquifer media directly determines its practical application performance. In this study, laboratory adsorption and one-dimensional seepage experiments were conducted to investigate the adsorption characteristics and migration-deposition behavior of lysozyme in aquifer media with different particle sizes, and to elucidate the underlying mechanism medium particle size influence. The results demonstrate that the adsorption of lysozyme in quartz sand sfollows the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, dominated by physical adsorption, with an adsorption equilibrium time of 120 min. The adsorption capacity increases with the decrease of particle sizes, with the maximum adsorption capacities of coarse sand, medium sand, and fine sand being 23.25, 31.25, and 34.48 μg/g, respectively. Regarding migration behavior, the breakthrough time of lysozyme is significantly prolonged as the particle sizes decrease (80 min for coarse sand, 240 min for medium sand, and no breakthrough observed in fine sand within the experimental period). The deposition amount increases with the decrease of particle sizes, with lysozyme predominantly enriching in the surface layer (163.05 μg/g in the surface layer of fine sand). The migration of lysozyme exerts an impact on the permeability of media: coarse sand maintains stable permeability; the surface permeability of medium sand fluctuates remarkably in the initial stage; the permeability of fine sand decreases continuously due to the massive deposition of lysozyme, with the surface relative hydraulic conductivity declining to approximately 0.7 at the end of the experiment. The study findings provide theoretical insights into lysozyme-mediated microbial clogging mitigation during managed aquifer recharge, and provide technical support for the safe recharge and sustainable exploitation of groundwater resources.

关键词

溶菌酶 / 石英砂 / 迁移-沉积 / 人工回灌 / 含水层堵塞

Key words

lysozyme / quartz sand / transport-deposition / artificial recharge / aquifer clogging

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基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目(42477088)