Let be a prime number and be a positive integer. The differential properties of two classes of low-degree nonlinear power mappings and over finite field are investigated. By investigating the derivative equations of the functions and , the conditions under which the differential equations have a specific number of solutions are characterized. Utilizing quadratic character sums, the differential spectrum of these two classes of power mappings are determined. These two classes of low-degree nonlinear power mappings can be used to design S-boxes or round functions in arithmetization-oriented cryptographic primitives, and their differential properties can provide a reference for evaluating their performance against differential attack.
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