1例Dent病患者CLCN5基因新发移码突变的生物信息学分析
张营营 , 李楠楠 , 范亮亮 , 刘纪实
中南大学学报(医学版) ›› 2025, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (05) : 913 -918.
1例Dent病患者CLCN5基因新发移码突变的生物信息学分析
Bioinformatics analysis of a CLCN5 geneframeshift mutation in a patient with Dent disease
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Dent病是一种罕见的X连锁隐性遗传肾小管疾病,临床特征为低分子量蛋白尿(low molecular weight proteinuria,LMWP)、高钙尿症、肾钙质沉着等,可诱发进行性肾功能衰竭。该病主要由CLCN5基因突变引起。本文报告1例10岁男性患者,在常规体检中发现蛋白尿表型,综合生化检测结果及临床评估显示显著的LMWP和高钙尿症,病理组织染色显示肾小球系膜细胞及基质均增多。进一步的全外显子测序发现患者CLCN5基因中有1个突变(NM_001127899.4, c.1158delC, p.F387Lfs*42),导致移码和提前终止,可能破坏其在氯/氢离子交换和内涵体酸化中的功能。生物信息学分析显示该突变致病。基因检测在诊断罕见肾病中具有重要意义,对致病突变的早期识别有助于及时干预、疾病管理以及改善患者的预后。本文扩展了CLCN5的突变谱,有助于理解Dent病的遗传和分子机制。
Dent disease is a rare X-linked recessive inherited renal tubular disorder characterized by low molecular weight proteinuria (LMWP), hypercalciuria, nephrocalcinosis, and other clinical features, and can lead to progressive renal failure. It is primarily caused by mutations in the CLCN5 gene. This article reports the case of a 10-year-old male patient of Chinese descent who was incidentally found to have asymptomatic proteinuria during a routine health examination. Comprehensive biochemical testing and clinical evaluation revealed significant LMWP and hypercalciuria, while renal biopsy showed mesangial cell and matrix proliferation. Whole exome sequencing identified a novel deletion mutation in the CLCN5 gene (NM_001127899.4, c.1158delC, p.F387Lfs*42) causing a frameshift and premature termination, which is likely to disrupt its role in chloride/hydrogen ion exchange and endosomal acidification. Bioinformatic analysis indicated the variant is pathogenic. Genetic testing plays an important role in diagnosing rare kidney diseases. Early identification of pathogenic mutations is essential for facilitating timely intervention and appropriate management, potentially enhancing patient outcomes. This report expands the CLCN5 mutation spectrum and contributes to understanding the genetic and molecular mechanisms of Dent disease.
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国家自然科学基金(82070738)
国家自然科学基金(82270750)
湖南省临床医疗技术创新引导项目(2021SK53708)
中南大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2024ZZTS0814)
中南大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(82270750)
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